Demand for food crops was expected to increase substantially, include the vegetable crops. Conversion of farmland in Indonesia to urban development reduces the amount of lands available for crops production. Use of fertilizer, especially chemical fertilizers has brought in soil degradation and the loss of equilibrium of a stable soil. It also decreased the product quality of vegetables crops. Growing vegetable crops in small spaces could take to increase productivity for the long-term. Eco-friendly technologies in vegetable cultivation need to be intensified. In reply to this, organic fertilizers in agriculture will be the right solution for retaining productivity of problem soils, reducing the usage of chemical fertilizers, improving vegetable crops productivity. The study was aimed to determine the effect of the growing media and proportion of goat manure applications on the growth and yield of green mustard. The research had been conducted in Ponjong District, Gunungkidul Regency since March until July 2016. The research was arranged in randomized complete design factorial, consisted of two factors. The first factor was kinds of growing media that consisted of four levels : soil, raw rice husk, rice husk charcoal, and sawdust. Then the second factor was proportion of growing media and goat manure that consisted of three levels : without manures, 2:1, and 1:1. The result of experiment showed rice husk charcoal with proportion of goat manures 1:1 was considered affecting the best performance of plant growth such as increasing plant height, leaves, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight of green mustards.
Degradation of carbohydrate, protein and lipid food reserves occurs in the seed germination process to produce energy for germination and further growing. This study aimed to determine dynamics the content of protein, carbohydrates, and lipid in cotyledon of seed clon i.e. Sca 6, RCC 70, RCC 71 and KKM 22 during germination. The experiment used completely randomized design consisted of four replications with 4 treatments. In each cocoa germination phases i.e. before germination, phase II (bend/curved phase), cotyledon emergence, leaves emergence and fall of cotyledon from the sprouts. This observation were water content, ash content, lipid, soluble protein, total protein and carbohydrate content. The results of the experiment showed that during germination, there was an increase of water content in cotyledon from the bend phase to the leaf emergence and decrease in the phase of fall of cotyledon The highest water content was observed in the leaf emergence phase as high as 69.42%. The content of ash content, dissolved protein, total protein and carbohydrates in cotyledon fluctuated during the bend phase until the leaf emergence and increased in the phase of fal of cotyledon. ipid content has decreased from the bend phase until the fall of cotyledons. Carbohydrate levels have increased from the bend phase to the fall of cotyledons. The speed of degradation procces of seed stored material (water, lipid, protein and carbohydrate content) during germination is affected by differences in seed clones. The Scavina 6 and KKM 22 clones entered the bend phase and the realease of cotyledon.
The jackfruit needs keep increasing for household comsumption, industry and plant conservation. This requires efforts to increase productivity through the development and maintenance of the plant that more intensive and efficient. An aspect to consider in efforts to increase productivity is the plant nursery. The experiment was ained to know the effect of soaking water of jackfruit seed (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.
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