The research is grounded on the basic of study of judgments of the national courts of Ukraine against persons who committed human smuggling across the State border of Ukraine. The research covered 360 judgments in the period from 2013 to 2018; the studied judgments were passed against 406 people. The obtained results of the empirical research provides for the primary, reliable and representative information about persons who committed human smuggling across the State border of Ukraine. This made it possible to formulate a criminal profile of migrants’ smuggler. Based on our research, description and analysis, we consider that there is a need for additional researches of the social organization of the illegal transfer of persons across the State border of Ukraine in order to obtain a deeper knowledge of this phenomenon. Especially it concerns the structure of the groups of smuggling of migrants in order to better define the typology of these criminal groups to promote more effective strategies from the side of law enforcement agencies.
Through the documentary-based scientific method, the article is devoted to the study of the criminological features of the personality of a participant of a paramilitary or armed unit (ULPAU) not provided by law. In addition, the formation of his criminological portrait (criminal profile) on the basis of socio-psychological and legal classification features is discussed. The value of the determined parameters of the offender's characteristics for the formation of negative social and psychological attitudes has been analyzed and their impact on subsequent criminal activity was considered. A number of conclusions of theoretical and applied character have been formulated, among which the following characteristic features of the criminological portrait (criminal profile) of a participant of the ULPAU: man aged 25-35 years who has Ukrainian citizenship and is Ukrainian by nationality, urban resident, single, childless, has general secondary or vocational education, is unemployed, has not been previously convicted; being a member of the armed unit he guarded the checkpoints and the area of location of the units.
The article presents an analysis of the results of officers’ survey of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGSU), which was conducted to study the current state of solving socially important issues for SBGSU servicemen that may cause staff turnover and problems in SBGSU personnel management. This problem is characteristic not only to SBGSU, but also of other law enforcement agencies of Ukraine and foreign countries. To this end, the works of scientists, data statistics reports from different sources were studied, as well as the survey of 112 servicemen who are serving at the SBGSU in different positions and in different areas of professional activity was conducted. Generalization and interpreting the survey results made it possible to find out about officers’ attitudes to service at SBGSU bodies and to assess the status of social issues solving. It is concluded that such circumstances are one of the main factors that a large number of servicemen do not want to continue contracts for military service at SBGSU after the first contract closure at a young age. It has a great importance for resolving staffing issues and determining which issues should be given greater attention in future, including the legislative level. This is important for search appropriate options for the content of the personnel policy and the social and legal support of SBGSU servicemen. Stability ensuring of the personnel will help to increase the general level of professional skill and correspondingly ensure the security of the state border, increase the effectiveness of counteracting illegal activities, management of the state border security in modern conditions.f the state border security in modern conditions.
The goal of the article is to develop proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating UAVs application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. The research methods have been selected based on the goal and tasks of the research. A complex of general scientific and special-scientific methods has been used in the process of the research. In particular, the use of comparative and formal-logical methods made it possible to investigate the evolution of legal regulation of UAVs application by the law enforcement agencies and military formations in Ukraine. The logical and legal method has been used for the development, argumentation and determination of the directions of improving the legal regulation of UAVs application in the process of the state border surveillance. The article reveals the proposals for the improvement of the existing normative legal documents regulating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) application in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine. It is concluded that UAVs application is effective in the surveillance of the state border of Ukraine, since information obtained with the help of these aerial vehicles allows to effectively and rapidly establish facts of the state border violation and detain its violators.
The research is devoted to the study of the attitude of law enforcement officials, civil servants and ordinary citizens to the institute of corruption whistle-blowers on the example of Ukraine. To this end, 351 people were interviewed. Generalized results indicate that the vast majority (75%) of Ukrainian citizens are aware of the institute of corruption whistle-blowers. Ukrainian society has a positive attitude to the corruption whistle-blowers, (51,6%) of those who were interviewed believe that the whistle-blowers fulfil an important mission. The willingness of Ukrainians to participate in exposure of corruption is lower (39,3%) than the number of people who approve activities of the whistle-blowers. It also avouches that not all conditions, including the social and legal protection of whistle-blowers, have been created in Ukraine. There is a high risk of persecution, including from public authorities, according to (89,4%) respondents. The existing system of protection of whistle-blowers is declarative (68%), and there are no positive examples of whistle-blower activity in Ukraine (29,3%). There are differences in the attitude of different categories of citizens to the whistle-blowers of corruption. The most support (63,3%) whistle-blowers received from representatives of the Security Service of Ukraine, border guards (59,4%), police officers (50%), ordinary citizens (50,6%). Civil servants less approve the institute of corruption whistle-blowers and support (45,9%). The lowest rate (40%) was shown by the representatives of the law enforcement agencies. Average citizens and civil servants (14,7%) showed the highest percentage of distrust in the work of whistle-blowers (15,7%).
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