Criminal profile of migrants’ smuggler across the State Border of Ukraine

Abstract

The research is grounded on the basic of study of judgments of the national courts of Ukraine against persons who committed human smuggling across the State border of Ukraine. The research covered 360 judgments in the period from 2013 to 2018; the studied judgments were passed against 406 people. The obtained results of the empirical research provides for the primary, reliable and representative information about persons who committed human smuggling across the State border of Ukraine. This made it possible to formulate a criminal profile of migrants’ smuggler. Based on our research, description and analysis, we consider that there is a need for additional researches of the social organization of the illegal transfer of persons across the State border of Ukraine in order to obtain a deeper knowledge of this phenomenon. Especially it concerns the structure of the groups of smuggling of migrants in order to better define the typology of these criminal groups to promote more effective strategies from the side of law enforcement agencies.

Not really at home: Adaptation strategies of Asian migrants in Ukraine

“…Within the zone, goods—such as cigarettes, alcohol and fuel—and people can be smuggled (Leman and Janssens, 2018). The irregular practices and corruption of border officers (Kuryliuk and Khalymon, 2020) create possibilities for the smuggling of people into Ukraine as well as through the EU border. An important role in this context is the Transcarpathian region where Ukraine borders Slovakia and Hungary (in the west), Romania (in the south) and Poland (in the north) (Jaroszewicz and Kindler, 2015).…”

“…Based on court judgments against persons involved in smuggling across the Ukrainian border, some 8,400 irregular migrants were detained by the Ukrainian Border Guards during the years 2013--2019. A total of 71 percent of those migrants were caught at the EU border (Kuryliuk and Khalymon, 2020). In general, data on transit migration through Ukraine remains lacking and imprecise.…”

Modern Threats to the National Security of Ukraine Related to Incomplete Legal Formalization Process of Ukrainian State Border

“…Improvment of the effectiveness of State policy in the area of State border and sovereign rights protection has been identified as one of the main directions of the State's foreign and domestic political activities in order to preserve its national interests and security Ukraine in its exclusive maritimeeconomic zone, and also migration which also makes it necessary to examine the problems of the legal formalization of the Ukrainian state border. That is why under nowadays conditions researches regarding search for effective enforcement mechanisms and an optimal model of ensuring national security of the States from internal and external threats gain particular relevance (Kuryliuk and Khalymon, 2020).…”

Measures to combat smuggling and corruption in the customs clearance of commercial goods in Ukraine

“…For example, geographically Ukraine has adjacent borders with the countries of the European Union and the CIS; therefore, it is attractive for smuggling, which leads to distortion of foreign trade (Sarvananthan, M, 2007) and the tense situation between neighboring states (Lichtenwald G., 2003). This phenomenon is a special problem for most countries of the world today and, unfortunately, it has a tendency to grow (Kuryliuk, Y., Khalymon, S., 2020). Moreover, the current socioeconomic and political situation in Ukraine has led to a significant increase in the level of corruption in our country (Podorozhnii Y., Obushenko N., Harbuziuk K., Platkovska O., 2020).…”