It is revealed in this experimental study that melatonin significantly inhibited hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and ABL through antiDM and antioxidant effects in rats with DM and periodontitis.

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histopathologic analysis of the effects of periodontitis on left ventricular heart tissues of rats.Background and Objective: Current epidemiological works have suggested that chronic infections, such as periodontitis, are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertrophy and heart failure. However, mechanisms behind the association are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of periodontitis on the serum lipid levels, inflammatory marker levels and left ventricular heart muscle tissues of rats.

It was found that radiotherapy increased oxidative stress, the periodontal attachment level and alveolar bone loss, and protective melatonin administration significantly reduced the oxidative parameters and prevented periodontal damage in irradiated rats with experimental periodontitis. Further research is needed regarding the use of systemic melatonin administration before radiation therapy.

The pronounced increase in cardiac oxidative stress caused by periodontitis was due to an excessive increase in the production of reactive oxygen species, rather than due to decreased antioxidant capacity. The results indicate that periodontitis-related cardiac oxidative stress might be one of the mechanisms that contribute to the pathological process that leads to heart failure.

Key message Ca 2+ NPs enhanced tolerance of Triticale callus under salt stress by improving biochemical activity and confocal laser scanning analysis, conferring salt tolerance on callus cells. Abstract CaO NPs (Ca 2+ ) are significant components that act as transducers in many adaptive and developmental processes in plants. In this study, effect of Ca 2+ NPs on the response and regulation of the protective system in Triticale callus under short and long-salt treatments was investigated. The activation of Ca 2+ NPs was induced by salt stress in callus of Triticale cultivars. MDA, H 2 O 2 , POD, and protein activities were determined in callus tissues. Concerning MDA, H 2 O 2 , protein activities, it was found that the Ca 2+ NPs treatment was significant, and it demonstrated a high correlation with the tolerance levels of cultivars. Tatlıcak cultivar was detected for better MDA activities in the short time with 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs concentration of 50 g and 100 g NaCl. Similarly, the same cultivar responded with better H 2 O 2 activity at 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short time. POD activities exhibited a decreasing trend in response to the increasing concentrations of Ca 2+ NPs. The best result was observed at 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short term. Based on the protein content, treatment of short-term cultured callus cells with 1.5 ppm Ca 2+ NPs inhibited stress response and it significantly promoted Ca 2+ NPs signals as compared to control callus. Confocal laser scanning analysis proved that the application of Ca 2+ NPs could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress by the inhibition of stress severity in callus cells. This study demonstrated, under in vitro conditions, that the application of Ca 2+ NPs can significantly suppress the adverse effects of salt stress on Triticale callus; it was also verified that the concentration of Ca 2+ NPs could be important parameter to be considered in adjusting the micronutrient content in the media for this plant.

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