The research is aimed to figure out whether the International Law is a genuine law. This concerns with why the international community is willing to obey the international law though it lacks of formal institutions that are in charge of empowering the law. This is a normative legal research. The data used in this research are the secondary data along with the secondary law material that is in the form of research result. Through this research, it can be concluded that the nature of coordinative relationship among international community -not having a supranational institution that has an authority in making and forcing the validity of certain international regulation at once to the citizens of nations that are breaking the international law -will not decrease the existence and the essence of the international law as a legal norm. The most major factor emerging the acceptance and the obedience of the international community towards its regulation is the awareness and the needs of all people towards which regulation that can offer the law and order, justice, and law enforcement that can be done and of which can not be done in the practice of the international law. The internally emerged obedience will offer a better result that the one emerged by the punishment. AbstrakPenelitian bermaksud untuk mengetahui apakah hukum internasional merupakan suatu hukum yang sesungguhnya.Mengapa masyarakat internasional mau mentaati hukum internasional meskipun hukum internasional sangat kekurangan akan institusi-institusi formal yang bertugas menegakkan hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan dengan bahan hukum sekunder berupa hasil penelitian. Melalui hasil pemelitian ini dapat disimpulkna bahwa, Sifat hubungan yang koordinatif dalam masyarakat internasional, tidak adanya badan supranasional yang memiliki kewenangan membuat sekaligus memaksakan berlakunya suatu aturan hukum internasional kepada anggota masyarakat bangsa-bangsa yang melanggar hukum internasional tidak mengurangi eksistensi dan hakekat hukum internasional sebagai suatu norma hukum.Faktor paling utama yang memunculkan penerimaan dan ketaatan masyarakat internasional pada aturan hukum internasional adalah adanya kesadaran dan kebutuhan bersama akan aturan hukum yang bisa memberikan ketertiban, keadilan, dan kepastian hukum mana yang boleh dilakukan dan mana yang tidak boleh dilakukan dalam praktek hubungan internasional. Ketaatan yang munculnya secara internal ini hasilnya akan jauh lebih baik daripada ketaatan yang dipicu hanya oleh ketakuatan akan datangnya sanksi.
Kehadiran ICC merupakan missing link setelah terbentuknya International Court of Justice (ICJ) yang hanya memiliki kewenangan terhadap perkara dengan negara sebagai subyeknya. Bahwa masyarakat internasional menyambut positif kehadiran lembaga ini terbukti dari relatif singkatnya waktu (4 tahun) untuk terpenuhinya syarat 60 piagam ratifikasi. 1 Saat ini
Keyword: Model of legal policy; corporate social responsibility AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji model kebijakan hukum CSR di Indonesia agar dapat dilaksanakan secara efektif dan bermanfaat bagi perusahaan, negara, masyarakat, serta lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan historis (historical approach), pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), serta pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach).Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian dikelompokkan sesuai dengan variabel masing-masing untuk selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif, dan dipaparkan dalam bentuk deskriptif analitis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model kebijakan hukum CSR Indonesia yang bersifat mandatory disertai sanksi sudah tepat. Perubahan Paradigma Hukum HAM yang juga menjadikan perusahaan sebagai pengemban kewajiban hak ekosob merupakan faktor pendukung yang kuat terhadap model kebijakan hukum CSR Indonesia.Kata-kata Kunci: Model kebijakan hukum; corporate social responsibility
The non-refoulement principle requires each country to consider refugees and asylum seekers in their country of origin if they are subject to persecution and threaten their lives. As a geographically strategic country, Indonesia has been a significant crossroad for international refugees and asylum seekers often consider Indonesia their temporary destination. Moreover, the complex situation of international refugees has encouraged to reinterpret of the principle of non-refoulement into various national measures and domestic policies, given that Indonesia is deemed a transit country for refugees and has not ratified the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees. This paper aims to analyse the concept of refugee protection under international law, particularly the non-refoulement principle and investigate the application of the non-refoulement principle in Indonesia. This study employed normative and empirical legal research with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. This study confirms that the non-refoulement principle is part of jus cogens norms in international law but does not fit in its application. Indonesia has inconsistency in upholding the non-refoulement principle into the binding normative rules. Refugees have received far less attention from the Indonesian government due to insufficient infrastructure and financial allocation. Moreover, the existing executive regulations do not provide effective enforcement since these regulations have a lower position in the hierarchy and cannot have deterrent sanctions. Hence, ratification of the 1951 Convention is urgently needed by Indonesia to guarantee the protection of refugees within its jurisdiction. At the regional scope, Indonesia can encourage ASEAN countries to adopt good practices in the European Union to set sharing quotas to ensure that not most refugees escape to Indonesia.
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