Objective Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) have great potential for regenerative medicine. These have been combined with biomaterials such as Bovine teeth that are preferred as a periodontal regeneration material. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze a biocompatibility test and osteogenic differentiation of bovine teeth scaffold seeded with ADMSCs in vitro.
Materials and Methods A true experimental study with post-test only group design was conducted. Random sampling and Lameshow's formula were used to determine the sample. The scaffold, obtained from bovine teeth as the bone graft material, was analyzed using 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and its attachment was evaluated by scanning electron microcopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography with ADMSCs. ADMDSCs attachment present in the bovine teeth scaffold was assessed using SEM at 1-hour, 12-hour, and 24-hour intervals.
Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance was used to analyze the MTT assay results (p < 0.05) based on normality and homogeneity test (p > 0.05).
Results The highest viability of cells (97.08%) was found at a concentration of 10% by means of an MTT test (p < 0.05). The results of three-dimensional bovine teeth scaffold showed the average particle size to be 500 µm. ADMSCs cell attachment to the scaffold bovine teeth showed a significant increase in the number of cells attached after 24 hours compared with those at 1 and 12 hours. Alizarin red staining showed an increase in ADMSC osteogenic differentiation after it was combined with bovine teeth scaffold.
Conclusion The scaffold from bovine teeth is biocompatible and accelerates osteogenic differentiation of ADMSC.
The effect of obesity on vascular function is mediated by hormon leptin. Leptin has been proved to increase oxidative stress in endothelial cell. The previous study has proven that leptin caused the endothelial dysfunction as a step of the atherogenesis. Lycopene, an antioxidant, is presumed having the ability to block the atherogenesis mechanism, which is stimulated a proinflamatory cytokine and adhesion molecules by MAPK and transcription factor ET-1. Therefore, the aim of this research was to prove and to determine whether lycopene could decrease the MAPK and ET-1 expression in Human Umbillical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) culture induced by 500 ng/ml leptin. In vitro study used primary culture of the HUVECs were devided in to 7 groups, there were (1) 0 ng/ml leptin and 0 ìM lycopene, (2) induced by 500 ng/ml leptin for 12 hours, (3) induced by leptin and lycopene with concentration 10; 25; 40; 55 and 75 ìM for 12 hours. Then the identification of MAPK was applied by using imunocytochemistry compared with ELISA procedure on cell endothel culture lysate and ET-1 expression was measured by using RT PCR. It was showed that lycopene 10-25 ìM decreased MAPK and ET-1 expression significantly in HUVECs culture induced by leptin 500 ng/ml. Leptin was increased ERK1/2 MAPK and ET-1 expression in HUVECs culture and can decrease by lycopene. Optimum dose of lycopene is 10-25 ìM.
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