To determine whether duration and content of media exposure in 6-month-old infants are associated with development at age 14 months.

This study provides evidence that a pediatric primary care-based intervention program can have an impact on the developmental trajectories of at-risk young preschool children.

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We found limited verbal interactions during television exposure in infancy, with interactions reported for less than one-quarter of exposures. Although interactions were most commonly reported among programs with educational content that had been coviewed, programs with educational content were not more likely to be coviewed than were other programs. Our findings do not support development of infant-directed educational programming in the absence of strategies to increase coviewing and interactions.

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We studied associations between two pediatrics primary care interventions promoting parental responsiveness and maternal depressive symptoms among low-income mothers. This RCT included two interventions (Video Interaction Project [VIP], Building Blocks [BB]) and a control group. VIP is a relationship-based intervention, using video-recordings of mother-child dyads to reinforce interactional strengths. BB communicates with parents via parenting newsletters, learning materials and questionnaires. At mean (SD) child age 6.9 (1.2) months, depressive symptoms were assessed with the PHQ-9, parental responsiveness was assessed with StimQ-I. 407 dyads were assessed. Rates of mild depressive symptoms were lower for VIP (20.6%) and BB (21.1%) than Controls (32.1%, p=.04). Moderate depressive symptoms were lower for VIP (4.0%) compared to Controls (9.7%, p=.031). Mean PHQ-9 scores differed across 3 groups (F=3.8, p=.02): VIP mothers scored lower than controls (p=.02 by Tukey hsd). Parent-child interactions partially mediated VIP-associated reductions in depressive symptoms (indirect effect −.17, 95% CI −.36, −.03).

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