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The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the association between dementia and mortality among older adults with COVID-19. To do so, we conducted a search of 7 databases for relevant full-text articles. A cohort study and case-control study were included. A meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the pooled odds ratio with a random-effects model. We identified studies that reported mortality among older adults with dementia and non-dementia who have COVID-19. The pooled mortality rates of dementia and non-dementia older adults infected with COVID-19 were 39% (95% CI: 0.23 – 0.54%, I 2 = 83.48%) and 20% (95% CI: 0.16 – 0.25%, I 2 = 83.48%), respectively. Overall, dementia was the main factor influencing poor health outcomes and high rates of mortality in older adults with COVID-19 infection (odds ratio 2.96; 95% CI 2.00 – 4.38, I 2 = 29.7%), respectively. Our results show that older adults with dementia with COVID-19 infection have a higher risk of mortality compared with older adults without dementia. This current study further highlights the need to provide focused care to the older adults with dementia or cognitive impairment who have COVID-19.

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Aims and Objectives:Research examining the effectiveness of resistance band exercises for improving physical and psychological dimensions among frail older adults has been inconsistent. We aimed to examine the effects of resistance band exercises for improving outcomes in frail older adults. Background:To provide robust evidence regarding the effectiveness of resistance band exercises and explore other potential outcomes in frail older adults, a systematic review of RCTs remains necessary.Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.Methods: Four databases were searched. English language papers were retrieved from 2006 to 2020. Three reviewers reviewed the methodology of the selected studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool for randomised controlled trials. The pooled standardised mean difference was calculated using a random-effects model.Heterogeneity among pooled studies was assessed using the τ 2 , Q and I 2 statistics, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and the visual inspection of funnel plots.Results: A total of 15 studies met the eligibility criteria for this study. Overall, resistance band exercise reduced frailty after 24 weeks (SMD: −0.29; 95% CI: −0.55 to −0.03) and reduced depression after both 12 weeks (SMD: −0.19; 95% CI: −0.38 to −0.01) and 24 weeks (SMD: −0.30; 95% CI: −0.52 to −0.09). However, no significant effects were observed for frailty after 12 weeks, and no significant effects were observed for grip strength, leg strength, activities of daily living or quality of life at any time. Conclusion:Resistance band exercise might be considered a viable strategy for frail older adults in the community or in long-term care facilities. More research implementing a standardised protocol remains necessary to identify the effects of

Background: Stroke is one of the most common causes of disability worldwide. In recent years, diverse telehealth programmes for stroke survivors have suggested that this mode of rehabilitation could improve stroke survivors' abilities to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and maintain balance. Although increasingly utilised in clinical and community settings, the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in stroke survivors remains inconclusive. This warrants investigation so that telehealth interventions are evidence-based and are not merely modalities of convenience. Aim:To identify the effects of telehealth interventions on the ability to perform ADLs and maintain balance in stroke survivors.Design: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using seven databases for literature dated up to April 25, 2021. The revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomised trials was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled effects of telehealth interventions. Stata 16.0 was used for the statistical analyses.Results: A total of 14 studies with 1,367 participants were included in the analysis.Overall, telehealth interventions were effective in improving stroke survivors' abilities to carry out their ADLs (standardised mean difference: .45; 95% confidence interval:.12 to .78); however, no significant effects were found on balance. Conclusion: Telehealth interventions are beneficial for improving stroke survivors' performance of their ADLs. Future telehealth intervention trials should focus on identifying essential intervention delivery components that facilitate intervention adoption by clinicians and stroke survivors and sustain the positive effects on stroke survivors' performance of their ADLs in different settings.

Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DM) merupakan penyakit yang prevalensinya tinggi. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian DM, maka dengan mengetahui lebih awal faktor yang mempengaruhinya maka akan mendeteksi dan mencegah secara dini dan dapat meningkatkan angka harapan hidup dan mendukung program pemerintah GerMas. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya DM tipe 2 pada usia dewasa akhir di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang Kota Kupang. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 120 responden. Untuk menganalisa faktor usia terhadap kejadian DM peneliti menggunakan uji statistik point bisarial corelation dan melihat pengaruh jenis kelamin dan riwayat keluarga menggunakan uji statistik chi square. Penelitian ini menunjukkan ada hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 di Puskesmas pasir panjang Kupang (p = 0,048<0.05), tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas pasir Panjang (p = 0,189 > 0,05), (p = 0,294 > 0,05). DM tipe 2 meningkat setelah usia 35 tahun terutama pada perokok. Hasil penelitian,didapatkan ada hubungan antara usia dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 dan tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian DM tipe 2 pada pasien di Puskesmas pasir panjang Kupang. Kata

Several studies have reported the effects of robotic arms on improving upper limb function in patients with stroke. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent findings that may lead to incorrect applications of robotic arm use. Six databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials. Meta-analyses were performed for upper limb performance measures, including subgroup analysis of pooled upper limb rehabilitation data such as stroke stage and intervention delivery dose.Furthermore, the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials version 2 (RoB 2) and sensitivity analysis were used to assess methodology and determine publication bias. The final analysis included 18 studies. Robotic arms improved upper limb and hand function in patients with stroke. Subgroup analysis revealed that robotic arm interventions lasting 30-60 min per session significantly improved upper limb function. However, no significant improvement was observed in shoulder and elbow or wrist and hand movements. This review may help develop applicable rehabilitation robots and collaboration between clinicians.

Penderita lepra kerap mendapat stigma yang menyebabkan mereka ditolak di tengah masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguraikan stigma yang dialami oleh penderita lepra dan usaha perawat dalam memberikan edukasi dan advokasi bagi penderita lepra terkait stigma yang mereka alami. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data diperoleh dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap tujuh perawat dan delapan pasien lepra di Rumah Sakit Donorojo, Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Empat tema yang diperoleh dari penderita lepra, yakni: 1) Respons pasien saat didiagnosis menderita lepra, 2) Sikap dan perlakuan yang dialami penderita lepra, 3) Respons terhadap stigma, dan 4) Pendapat pasien lepra terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Empat tema yang diperoleh menurut pandangan perawat adalah: 1) Memberikan promosi kesehatan, 2) Mendukung pasien dengan lepra untuk kembali ke lingkungan masyarakat, 3) Meyakinkan masyarakat untuk menerima penderita lepra, dan 4) Memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat tentang penyakit lepra. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bentuk stigma yang paling sering dialami oleh pasien adalah penolakan dan pengasingan. Kesimpulan, untuk mengurangi stigma pada pasien lepra, dibutuhkan kerja sama antara perawat, pasien penderita lepra, masyarakat, dan pemerintah (tokoh masyarakat).