Abstract. Accommodating the various requirements from distinct perspectives in e-participation calls for a holistic engineering approach for e-participation systems analysis and design. This paper presents research results towards a reference framework for e-participation projects. An analysis of procedural models for e-participation and enterprise architectures in the context of e-participation shows that a holistic approach is necessary. A sophisticated and holistic engineering approach for e-participation in the form of a reference framework is seen as a solution to support e-participation projects development and implementation. The reference framework consists of different concepts supporting each other: dimensions that build the scope of an e-participation project, a domain meta model, a procedural reference model, and a library with requirements, reference models and building blocks for e-participation.
Purpose: To investigate the association between maternal and social/ economic aspects and mother's knowledge about breastfeeding. Methods:A hospital-based study conducted with 71 postpartum women in hospital bed. Data was collected through questionnaires, one on social/ economic factors and another one on knowledge about breastfeeding.
Several genetic factors seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to analyze whether functional polymorphisms in the promoter region of the MMP-1, -3 and -9 genes were associated with RA. The study population comprises 110 RA patients and 100 healthy controls. The -1607 1G/2G MMP-1, -1171 5A/6A MMP-3, and -1562 C/T MMP-9 polymorphisms were analyzed. The frequency of the 5A allele of MMP-3 gene was significantly higher in the controls when compared with the RA patients (0.45 vs. 0.32, P < 0.01). No significant differences were observed in the allele frequencies for the MMP-1 and -9 polymorphisms between RA patients and controls. Individuals carrying MMP-3 5A allele have significant higher frequency of extra-articular manifestations and rheumatoid nodules than individuals homozygous for 6A allele (P < 0.05). The results presented in this study provide evidence of an association between the MMP-3 gene polymorphism and RA.
OBJETIVO: Verificar o diagnóstico otoneurológico de idosos com tontura e a interferência deste sintoma na qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 56 idosos com tontura, com média de idade de 71,2 anos, submetidos à avaliação otoneurológica que envolveu: audiometria tonal, audiometria vocal, imitanciometria, provas de equilíbrio, pesquisa do nistagmo e vertigem de posição e posicionamento e vectoeletronistagmografia. Para avaliar a qualidade de vida, utilizou-se um questionário específico para tontura, o Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), que verifica os efeitos incapacitantes provocados por este distúrbio. RESULTADOS: A tontura rotatória foi referida por 29 pacientes (51,8%), 75% apresentaram alguma queixa auditiva e 69,6% apresentaram audiometria alterada. Os pacientes com queixas vestibulares de tontura posicional apresentaram diferença significativa para o aspecto físico do DHI. Já os pacientes com queixas vestibulares de desequilíbrio apresentaram diferença significativa para os aspectos funcional e emocional. A vectoeletronistagmografia computadorizada esteve alterada em 47 pacientes (83,9%), indicando comprometimento vestibular periférico em todos os casos. No exame pós-calórico, a hiperreflexia foi a alteração mais prevalente e o diagnóstico mais frequente foi o de síndrome Vestibular Periférica Deficitária à Esquerda. Com relação à qualidade de vida, o aspecto funcional apresentou o maior escore médio entre os três aspectos avaliados, e observou-se diferença significativa entre os aspectos funcional e o emocional. CONCLUSÃO: Idosos com tontura apresentam, em sua maioria, alterações na audiometria e na vectoeletronistagmografia, indicando disfunção do sistema cócleo-vestibular; apresentam também qualidade de vida comprometida.
Abstract. Attracting and motivating citizens to participate actively in online discussions of European policies turns out not to be easy. In the VoicE project, a regional e-participation model has been developed to deal with this challenge. The results and lessons learned from the project VoicE are of particular importance for the follow-up project VoiceS. This way, VoicE and VoiceS incorporate ongoing evaluation through an iterative design cycle. In this paper, we present the scientific evaluation method and results whether the regional eparticipation model of VoicE is an appropriate means to attract citizens for European policies and to motivate citizens to participate in discussions. The methodology is based on a layered model of e-participation evaluation. Subsequently, this paper examines to what degree the approach chosen in the project delivers suitable insights for establishing successful e-participation platforms on a European level and what lessons can be learned.
Part 2: Review and AnalysisInternational audienceCitizen engagement in political discourse and in democratic decision-making via innovative online means (coined e-participation) has become subject of considerable research over the past decade. However, mass engagement of citizens in online consultation and decision-making contexts remains an unsatisfied expectation. In this paper, we investigate trust as a particular aspect that might influence whether a citizen will participate. Trust is perceived as a complex construct, which is subject of research in distinct research disciplines. To identify and implement measures for increasing trust as well as for minimising distrust in e-participation endeavours, relevant trust relationships have to be analysed to understand implications of using or not using e-participation offers. In this paper, the status of current research of trust in citizen participation supported by electronic means is investigated. The literature review unveils that various implications of trust in the context of e-participation are still not researched well. Existing studies investigate particular aspects of trust. Yet, no conceptualisation of a trust model is available that explains the full scope of trust in e participation contexts. Hence this paper puts forward such a trust model for e participation, which builds on the Integrative Model of Trust in Organisational Settings by Mayer, Davis and Schoorman (1995) and the Interdisciplinary Model of Trust Constructs by McKnight and Chervany (2001)
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