Twenty healthy advanced pregnant crossbred (HF x K) cows of 2-4 parity were included in the study from 2 weeks prepartum to 8 weeks postpartum. They were equally divided in to control (routine farm feeding-RFF) and treatment (RFF plus area specific multi-minerals @ 50 g/h/d and bypass fat @ 100-200 g/h/d) groups to evaluate the effect of bypass fat and minerals supplementation on plasma metabolites and hormonal profile and postpartum fertility. The plasma levels of T3 increased (P less tha 0.01) on the day of calving and then abruptly dropped till day 14 postpartum as compared to levels at other periods, while T4 decreased (P less than 0.05) consistently throughout the study period particularly in control group. However, the influence of nutritional supplementation was found to be non-significant on both these hormones. The blood glucose levels were at peak concurrent to highest plasma cortisol on the day of calving. The cows under supplemented group had significantly (p less than 0.01) higher mean blood glucose (64.51±3.10 vs 59.13±3.06 mg/dl) and cortisol (16.19±2.51vs 11.23±1.34 ng/ml)than the control cows. The mean plasma levels of NEFA increased from day 14 prepartum to the highest (p less than 0.01) on the day of calving and thereafter reduced in postpartum days in both the groups with significantly higher mean value in supplemented than control group (0.58±0.09 vs 0.47±0.07 mmol/l). The prepartum plasma BHBA also increased as parturition approached, continued to increase further in the early postpartum period to reach a peak (1.21±0.09 and 0.87±0.04 mmol/l for control and treatment group) (p less than 0.01) on day 14, and thereafter decreased. In general, the plasma NEFA, BHBA, cortisol and glucose levels were found to be higher in the cows of nutrient supplemented group which had lesser time intervals for expressing first postpartum estrus and service period with better pregnancy rate. Thus the nutrient supplementation during transition period was beneficial in maintaining energy status of the cows and improved reproductive performance postpartum.

Background: Uric acid is the final product of the purine metabolism in humans. The two final reactions in its production which catalyze the conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and the latter to uric acid are catalyzed by the enzyme xanthine oxidoreductase. The role of uric acid in the progression of prediabetes to diabetes has been known. Serum uric acid has been shown to be associated with cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. The present study was done to see the level of uric acid in preeclampsia and healthy pregnant controls, to relate serum uric acid results to the severity of hypertension and its relation to fetomaternal outcome in patients attending OPD at RMC Ajmer. Methods: 100 cases of preeclampsia of age group between 20-40 year and gestational age ≥28 weeks and 100 normal healthy women with similar gestational age and age group were included in the study and maternal serum uric acid was estimated in both groups. Results: Mean serum uric acid levels in preeclampsia was 7.65±081 mg/dl and 3.21±072 mg/dl in control group. Perinatal complication was more in case group, 74 % were preterm compared to 11% in control group. Mean birth weight in study group was 2.07 kg, of which 24% babies were VLBW 52% were LBW, and 24% babies had normal birth weight, in control group mean birth weight was 2.82 kg. The difference was found to be statistically significant (p value 0.001). In the study group, the MSUA concentration is found higher in LBW and VLBW babies compared to normal birth weight babies. Conclusions: There is a positive correlation between SUA & severity of preeclampsia, and a significant adverse fetal outcome is observed with raised MSUA in preeclamptic patients.

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A field experiment was conducted to study the performance of wheat crop under acidulated rock phosphate (RP) during <italic>rabi</italic> season 2009-2010 The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with A total of ten treatments <italic>viz</italic>., single super phosphate (SSP) alone, RP alone, RP + gypsum, RP + SSP, RP + PSB, RP + FYM, RP + FYM + PSB, RP + pressmud (PM) , RP + PM + PSB and RP + pyrites and crop wheat var. PBW-550 were selected. Crop yield differed significantly due to different treatments. RP + gypsum produced maximum grain yield (49.2 q ha⁻¹), biological yield (120 q ha⁻¹), plant height, shoot population, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes <italic>viz</italic>., spike length, number of fertile spikelets per spike and number of grain per spike, over other treatments. Rock phosphate acidulated with gypsum, each 300 kg ha⁻¹ found best in terms of recording grain, straw and biological yield and hence, can be use as alternate source of phosphatic fertilizer.

Garg et al.: Recent updates on Averrhoa bilimbi: An approachAverrhoa bilimbi is primarily utilized in traditional medicine to cure blood pressure, high levels of sugar in the blood and many infectious diseases. The key objective of the current review is to assemble and establish literature based on traditional claims and relate those with up-to-date pharmacological results on the use of Averrhoa bilimbi for managing diverse diseases. Literature was collected, systematically assessed, understood and discoursed from the various scientific databases as Scopus, PubMed and ScienceDirect by using keyword Averrhoa bilimbi. Various biological activities have confirmed the potential of Averrhoa bilimbi to act as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective which indicates the excessive worth of plant holds as complementary and alternative medicine. Consequently, it is aimed to compile a current and complete review of Averrhoa bilimbi which offsets its traditional uses as medicine, phytochemistry and biological effects.

A field experiment was conducted at Nalanda College of Horticulture, Noorsarai, Nalanda during summer 2017 to assess the effect of complementary and sole applications of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of bottle gourd under onion-onion-bottle gourd crop sequence. The experiment consists of seven treatments viz.,T1-Inorganic fertilizers (120 Kg N: 60 Kg P2O5 and 40 Kg K2O); T2-50% NPK through inorganic fertilizer + 50%N through FYM; T3-50% N through FYM + 50% N through VC; T4-1/3 of N through FYM + VC + Neemcake; T5-50% N through FYM + PSB + Azotobactor; T6-T3 + PSB + Azotobactor and T7-T4 + PSB + Azotobactor. These seven treatments were replicated thrice in Randomized Block Design. Results revealed that T1-100% NPK through inorganic fertilizer recorded 225.7 q ha-1 fruit yield, which was statistically at par with T2 and T6 producing (211.8 and 209.5 q ha-1). Vine length differed significantly at all the growth stages. T1 recorded maximum vine length (51.8, 370.3 and 464.7 cm) at 30, 60 and 90 DAS, which was significantly higher over T5 at 30 DAS, over T4 and T5 at 60 DAS and over T5 at 90 DAS. Among organics, T6 recorded longest vine, while T5 recorded shortest. No. of branches were found non-significant at 30 DAS but it become significant at 60 and 90 DAS and found significantly highest in T6 over all the treatments. After completion of the cropping system; onion-onion-bottle gourd, soils were subjected to analysis. pH differed significantly, while non-significant difference were observed in EC and soil Org-C. Similarly, available N and P concentration were also found non-significant due to different fertilizer sources, but the concentration of available K differed significantly and found highest in T1 which was at par with T2. T1-100% inorganic fertilizer sources recorded highest gross return, net return and B: C ratio followed by T2. On the basis of result it has been concluded that T2 having 50% NPK through inorganic fertilizer + 50% N through FYM may found suitable for sustainable bottle gourd production as it performed at par with T1 in respect to crop growth and yield.

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Onion being important bulbous vegetable crop included in the top 15 commonly grown vegetables worldwide (Best, 2000); (Jahromi and Amirizadeh, 2015). It is globally the most marketable crop that too, round the year and can be grown under wide range of Agroclimate conditions. Irrespective of price, its demand remains almost constant in the