Objective: The aim was to estimate the prevalence of Insulin Resistance (IR) in Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and analyze its clinical parameters. Methodology: This observational study was conducted at Dow University Hospital during June 2011 till May 2012. Patients of PCOS were selected, an anthropometric measurement, examination and fasting blood test for sugar (FBS) and insulin was performed. Data was collected on pre designed questionnaire, was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Results: Forty-six cases of PCOS were included in the study. Prevalence of IR was 34.78%. Mean age of patients was 23.72 ± 4.37 years. Waist Hip Ratio (WHR) was raised in 42 (91.30%), acanthosis was found in 26(56.50%), impaired FBS was seen in 9 (19.6%) and raised fasting insulin in 16 (34.8%) patients. There was significant association between acanthosis and WHR (0.044) and between acanthosis and FBS (0.008). Correlation studies between parameters showed a significant correlation between Waist & Hips (0.93), similarly Waist & WHR showed positive correlation (0.59), at p< 0.01. Significant positive correlation was also found between waist and FBS (0.32) and FBS & WHR (0.378). Conclusion: Acanthosis nigrican, raised WHR and FBS are significant parameters for insulin resistance in cases of Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
Background. Nonverbal behaviors have a significant impact on patients during consultations. This study was undertaken to find out the attitudes and preferences of the patients regarding nonverbal communication during consultations with physicians, in a tertiary care hospital. Methods. A questionnaire based cross-sectional study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, during the months of January to March 2012. All patients (>18 years of age) coming for consultancy in the family medicine clinics were approached; out of 133, 120 agreed to participate. The subjects were asked questions regarding physician's comforting touch and eye contact and their responses were noted. The data were analyzed using SPSS and chi-square test was used to identify corelations. Results. Overall, 120 patients were enrolled. About 58.3% were men and 41.7% were women with a mean age of 34.9 ± 10.9 years. 95.8% were Muslims and 57.6% had more than 12 years of education. Among females 74% wanted supportive touch from doctors, used to comfort the patient (45%) or to show respect (27.5%) or as healing (30%). 86.1% of the respondents believe that establishing eye contact with the patient shows that the doctor is attentive towards his/her patient. The eye contact should be brief but regular (54.1%) and prolonged staring (36.7%) makes them uncomfortable. Conclusion. Nonverbal communication helps to strengthen the doctor-patient relation as patients do appreciate positive touch and eye contact from their physicians.
There has been a marked improvement as compared with the previous practices of biomedical ethics by the doctors of this public sector hospital. However, awareness sessions should be conducted to update / improve the knowledge of ethics among doctors to help them translate their knowledge into practice.
This study highlights the importance of the patients' attachment to charity giving and expectation that it will lead to recovery from illness. Future research in this area should be qualitative rather than quantitative to explore more about beliefs, attitude and behavior of the individuals. It is recommended that health care professionals should consider and also respect patients' and relatives beliefs about sadqa and charity; clashing with their beliefs during provision of medial care should be avoided.
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common disease among the women in reproductive age group and morecommon in South Asian women. Clinical presentations include menstrual disorders, subfertility, obesity,hirsutism, acne vulgaris andacanthosis. Objectives: The objective of study was to investigate co relation between acne and polycystic ovaries and its relation tomenstrual irregularity. Methodology: A total of 56women were enrolled in the study from Outpatient Department of Obs&Gynae andDermatology, Dow University Hosptial, Ojha campus by convenient sampling. It was cross sectional study, conducted from July 2012 toNovember 2012.Verbal consent was taken. Sociodemographic information,Anthropometric measurement (height, weight, BMI) andacne severity with affected area, menstrual irregularities were administered on pre designed questionnaire.Pelvic ultrasound forpolycystic ovaries and serum LH, FSH in follicular phase of menstrual cycle (2nd day) advised from Dow Radiology and Dow Labrespectively. Results: A total of56 patients of PCOS were enrolled during five month period. The mean age of patient was 21.1+_SD0.994. Frequency of acne was 32 (57.1%).The mean BMI was 19.66 +_SD 4.54. Face was the commonest area involved in 24 (42.9%).menstrual irregularity was found in 50 (89.4%) women. There was no statistically significant relation seen between acne andoligomenorrhea. (X2 = 0.55 , P = 0.45). It was also determined that there was no co relation seen between the acne and serumtestosterone level calculated by independent sample t test.(P = 0.17) but statistically significant association seen between severity ofacne and serum LH/FSH ratio. (t test =3.28, p= 0.004) Conclusion: Acne was found in 32 (57.1%) women with PCOS. The study resultsrevealed a significant association seen between severity of acne and serum LH/FSH ratio. Relation between acne and serum testosteronelevel was statistically insignificant.
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