Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract of soft coral Sinularia sp. collected from the South China Sea led to the isolation of three new polyoxygenated sterols, (3S,23R,24S)-ergost-5-ene-3β,23α,25-triol (1), (24S)-ergostane-6-acetate-3β,5α,6β,25-tetraol (2), (24S)-ergostane-6-acetate-3β,6β,12β,25-tetraol (3) together with three known ones (4–6). The structures, including relative configurations of the new compounds (1–3), were elucidated by detailed analysis of spectroscopic data (IR, UV, NMR, MS) and by comparison with related reported compounds. The absolute configuration of 1 was further determined by modified Mosher’s method. Compound 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against K562 cell line with an IC50 value of 3.18 μM, but also displayed strong lethality toward the brine shrimp Artemia salina with a LC50 value of 0.96 μM.
34Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is a teleost species where eggs are fertilized 35 internally and retained in the maternal reproductive system, where they undergo 36 development until live birth (termed viviparity). In the present study, we report a 37 chromosome-level black rockfish genome assembly. High-throughput transcriptome 38 analysis (RNA-seq and ATAC-seq), coupled with in situ hybridization (ISH) and 39 immunofluorescence, identify several candidate genes for maternal preparation, sperm 40 storage and release, and hatching. We propose that zona pellucida (ZP) genes retain 41 sperm at the oocyte envelope, while genes in two distinct astacin metalloproteinase 42 subfamilies serve to release sperm from the ZP and free the embryo from chorion at 43 pre-hatching stage. Finally, we present a model of black rockfish reproduction, and 44 propose that the rockfish ovarian wall has a similar function to uterus of mammals. 45Taken together, these genomic data reveal unprecedented insights into the evolution of 46 an unusual teleost life history strategy, and provide a sound foundation for studying 47 viviparity in non-mammalian vertebrates and an invaluable resource for rockfish 48 ecology and evolution research. 49 50
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