A preocupação com o bem-estar biopsicossocial do homem tem sido tema de uma se'rie de estudos e contribuições. Esse artigo de revisão tem como objetivo básico auxiliar profissionais de diversas áreas, especialmente as ligadas as Ciências do Movimento Humano, a compreenderem, de maneira ampla, o impacto dos problemas relacionados à saúde mental e suas manifestações mais comuns na sociedade atual: a ansiedade, a depressão, alterações de auto-imagem e auto-estima. Procurando oferecer maneiras alternativas para se prevenir e auxiliar no tratamento desses problemas. O exercício físico, nesse contexto, tem se mostrado eficaz para modificá-las.
Objective: To assess the 24-month effects of a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) on anxiety, depression, quality of life and physical performance of COPD patients. Methods: Thirty patients with COPD (mean age, 60.8 ± 10 years; 70% males) participated in a 12-week PRP, which included 24 physical exercise sessions, 24 respiratory rehabilitation sessions, 12 psychotherapy sessions and 3 educational sessions. All patients were evaluated at baseline (pre-PRP), at the end of the treatment (post-PRP) and two years later (current) by means of four instruments: the Beck Anxiety Inventory; the Beck Depression Inventory; Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire; and the six-minute walk test (6MWT). Results: The comparison between the pre-PRP and post-PRP values revealed a significant decrease in the levels of anxiety (pre-PRP: 10.7 ± 6.3; post-PRP: 5.5 ± 4.4; p = 0.0005) and depression (pre-PRP: 11.7 ± 6.8; post-PRP: 6.0 ± 5.8; p = 0.001), as well as significant improvements in the distance covered on the 6MWT (pre-PRP: 428.6 ± 75.0 m; post-PRP: 474.9 ± 86.3 m; p = 0.03) and the quality of life index (pre-PRP: 51.0 ± 15.9; post-PRP: 34.7 ± 15.1; p = 0.0001). There were no statistically significant differences between the post-PRP and current evaluation values. Conclusions: The benefits provided by the PRP in terms of the indices of anxiety, depression and quality of life, as well as the improved 6MWT performance, persisted throughout the 24-month study period.Keywords: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Rehabilitation; Exercise; Quality of life; Anxiety; Depression. ResumoObjetivo: Analisar os efeitos, após 24 meses, de um programa de reabilitação pulmonar (PRP) sobre os níveis de ansiedade, depressão, qualidade de vida e desempenho físico em pacientes com DPOC. Métodos: Trinta pacientes com DPOC (idade média, 60,8 ± 10 anos; 70% do sexo masculino) participaram de um PRP com 12 semanas de duração, incluindo 24 sessões de exercício físico, 24 sessões de reeducação respiratória, 12 sessões de psicoterapia e 3 sessões educacionais. Os pacientes foram avaliados na linha de base (pré-PRP), ao término do PRP (pós-PRP) e dois anos mais tarde (momento atual) através de quatro instrumentos: Inventário de Ansiedade de Beck; Inventário de Depressão de Beck; Questionário Respiratório do Hospital Saint George; e teste da caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6). Resultados: A comparação entre o pré-PRP e o pós-PRP revelou uma redução significativa dos níveis de ansiedade (pré-PRP: 10,7 ± 6,3; pós-PRP: 5,5 ± 4,4; p = 0,0005) e de depressão (pré-PRP: 11,7 ± 6,8; pós-PRP: 6,0 ± 5,8; p = 0,001), assim como melhoras na distância percorrida no TC6 (pré-PRP: 428,6 ± 75,0 m; pós-PRP: 474,9 ± 86,3 m; p = 0,03) e no índice de qualidade de vida (pré-PRP: 51,0 ± 15,9; pós-PRP: 34,7 ± 15,1; p = 0,0001). Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os resultados do pós-PRP e os do momento atual. Conclusões: Os benefícios obtidos através do PRP sobre os índices de ansiedade, depressão e qualidade de vida, assim como no TC6, persis...
Objetivos: A abordagem multidisciplinar oferecida por programas de reabilitação pulmonar (PRP) tem sido a melhor alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento de portadores de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica. Este ensaio clínico avaliou a prevalência de ansiedade e depressão e o efeito de um PRP sobre os níveis de ansiedade e depressão de 46 portadores de DPOC (idade: 62 ± 11 anos; 34 homens e 12 mulheres). Pacientes e métodos: Os pacientes participaram de um PRP com 12 semanas de duração: 24 sessões de exercícios físicos, 24 sessões de fisioterapia, 12 sessões de acompanhamento psicológico e três sessões educacionais. Todos os pacientes foram avaliados na linha de base e ao término do PRP através de três instrumentos: inventário de Beck para ansiedade (BAI); inventário de Beck para depressão (BDI), teste da caminhada de seis minutos (Tcam6'). Resultados: Os pacientes estudados demonstraram redução significativa nos níveis de ansiedade e depressão e melhora significativa no Tcam6': BAI 16,4 ± 6,9 vs. 6,8 ± 5,3 (p < 0,001); BDI: 16,9 ± 8,7 vs. 7,5 ± 6,6 (p < 0,001); Tcam6': 335,7 ± 83,4 vs. 441,6 ± 100,8 (p < 0,05). Conclusões: Pacientes com DPOC estudados apresentaram alta prevalência de ansiedade e depressão. O PRP foi capaz de reduzir de forma significativa os níveis de ansiedade e depressão, bem como de aumentar o desempenho do Tcam6'.
The effect of psychotherapy provided as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 499The effect of psychotherapy provided as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program for the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease* ABSTRACTObjective: To assess the effect of psychotherapy on levels of anxiety and depression, as well as on quality of life and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease enrolled in a pulmonary rehabilitation program. Methods: A randomized, controlled, blind clinical trial was conducted involving 49 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Patients were randomized into three groups: those submitted to the complete pulmonary rehabilitation program, which included psychotherapy and an exercise regimen (group 1); those submitted to the program minus physical exercise (group 2); and those submitted to the program minus psychotherapy (group 3). The three groups underwent a 12-week treatment program. All patients were evaluated at baseline and at completion of the pulmonary rehabilitation program through four instruments: The Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire were applied. The distance walked-weight product was also calculated. Results: Statistically significant absolute improvements in exercise capacity were found for groups 1 and 2, although not for group 3 (p = 0.007, p = 0.008 and p = 0.06, respectively). In groups 1 and 2, levels of anxiety and depressions were also significantly reduced (group 1: p = 0.0000 and p < 0.0003; group 2: p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0014), and quality of life was significantly improved (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.002, respectively). Anxiety levels were also reduced in group 3 (p = 0.03), although levels of depression were not, and quality of life was unaffected. Conclusion: Psychotherapy sessions provided as part of a pulmonary rehabilitation program assist patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in coping with disease-related limitations by reducing behavioral symptoms, especially depression, thereby influencing exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Original Article
A cross-sectional study of 120 subjects was performed with the purpose of evaluating stress hormones and emotional stress (anxiety) in outpatient and hospitalized subjects. The aims were to determine the degree of objective stress, as well as to correlate this finding with subjective findings, estimated using Beck´s Anxiety Inventory.. METHOD: Three populations were investigated, namely outpatient clinical cases (Group I, n = 30), hospitalized clinical individuals (Group II, n = 30), and hospitalized surgical candidates (Group III, n = 30). Controls (Group IV, n = 30) were healthy volunteers who were health-care professionals and students. To avoid hormone interactions, only men were enrolled in all groups. All hospitalized subjects were tested on admission and before therapeutic interventions. Fasting epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol were measured in the morning, and Beck´s Anxiety Inventory was adminstered by a trained psychologist. RESULTS:The 3 patient groups displayed higher anxiety levels than the controls. Hormone concentrations did not present remarkable changes and did not correlate with subjective stress (anxiety).CONCLUSIONS: 1) Subjective disorders (as determined with Beck´s Anxiety Inventory ) were a common finding in both outpatient and hospitalized populations, without differences between the various groups; 2) Objective stress (as determined by elevated hormone levels) was more difficult to confirm-findings rarely exceeded the reference range; 3) Correlation between the two variables could not be demonstrated; 4) Further studies are necessary to define stress quantification and interpretation in patient populations, especially in relationship with nutritional diagnosis and dietetic prescription.
RESUMO A Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) é altamente incapacitante. O reconhecimento de fatores emocionais comuns a esses pacientes pode fornecer subsídios importantes para os profissionais que atuam na área da saúde. Objetivos: avaliar o impacto do programa de reabilitação pulmonar (PRP) sobre os níveis de ansiedade, depressão e desesperança de pacientes com DPOC, por meio da logoterapia. M étodos: 17 pacientes foram avaliados no início e ao final do PRP com três instrumentos de medida: Inventário
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