No abstract

A sociedade está em novo direcionamento no qual se busca maior respeito nas relações com os animais, tanto na criação e utilização como alimento quanto para outras finalidades, como companhia, esportes, trabalho, entre outros. A domesticação e utilização dos equinos pelo homem proporcionaram a esta espécie inadequado manejo alimentar, principalmente pelo restrito conhecimento do comportamento ingestivo. As pastagens são, reconhecidamente, o ambiente adequado para a alimentação dos cavalos, mas é um sistema complexo que influencia as decisões dos animais em pastejo. O entendimento dos padrões comportamentais dos eqüinos é uma importante ferramenta para o manejo alimentar adequado. O dossel forrageiro é heterogêneo e a estrutura das plantas, como altura, densidade e componentes como folha, colmo e inflorescência, é explorada pelos cavalos por meio da seletividade, a qual permite ao cavalo a ingestão de nutrientes necessários à manutenção e desenvolvimento. Os dois principais fatores limitantes à seletividade são, na maioria das vezes, a oferta de forragem e o tempo de pastejo, resultantes do modelo utilizado na criação e manutenção dos equinos para diversas finalidades. As forragens, além de fontes de nutrientes, são importantes também na prevenção dos problemas clínicos e de desvios comportamentais. O incremento das pesquisas na utilização das pastagens, certamente, mostrará a importante relação entre os cavalos e o meio ambiente e direcionará para práticas de manejo mais adequadas à utilização e melhor qualidade de vida dos cavalos.

RESUMOO objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a influência do colostro nos parâmetros bioquímicos séricos em cordeiros recém-nascidos. Foram colhidas amostras sanguíneas de 28 cordeiros, determinando-se os indicadores proteicos, energéticos, de função renal, bilirrubinas e as enzimas aspartato aminotransferase (AST), gamaglutamiltransferase (GGT) e creatina quinase (CK), nos momentos pré e pós-colostro. Os dados foram analisados comparando-se a variabilidade dos parâmetros entre os dois momentos. Houve elevação (P<0,001) das concentrações de proteínas totais, em resposta ao forte aumento (P<0,01) dos teores de globulinas totais e ao leve decréscimo (P<0,05) da concentração de albumina, após a ingestão colostral. Também foram observados maiores valores de bilirrubinas total e direta (P<0,001), e variação dos metabólitos renais, com elevação dos níveis de ureia (P<0,01) concomitante à redução dos valores de creatinina (P<0,001), no momento pós-colostro. Houve aumento (P<0,001) da glicemia, de colesterol total e triglicerídeos, bem como das atividades enzimáticas (P<0,001) de AST e GGT, entre os momentos avaliados. Conclui-se que a dinâmica do perfil bioquímico em cordeiros recém-nascidos sofre o efeito da ingestão de colostro e da adaptação das funções fisiológicas à vida extra-uterina. Os valores dos parâmetros variam marcadamente no período pós-natal, sendo recomendável a utilização de valores de referência próprios para esta fase. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: amamentação, bioquímica clínica, neonato, ovino, sangue. PRE AND POST-COLOSTRAL DYNAMICS OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN LAMBS ABSTRACTThis study aimed to verify the influence of colostrum in serum biochemical parameters in newborn lambs. Blood samples were taken of 28 lambs, determining the protein, energy and kidney function indicators, bilirrubins and the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) and creatine kinase (CK), in pre and post-colostrum moments. The data were analyzed comparing the variability of the parameters between the two moments. There was an elevation (P<0.001) in total protein concentrations, in response to substantial increase (P<0.01) in total globulin levels, and a slight decrease (P<0.05) in albumin concentration, after colostral intake. We also observed higher values of total and conjugated bilirubins (P<0.001), and variation of kidney metabolites, with an elevation of urea levels (P<0.01) concomitant to decrease of creatinine values (P<0.001) in the postcolostrum moment. There was an increase (P<0.001) in glycemia, total cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as of

As alterações no hemograma estão direta ou indiretamente relacionadas com câncer e são pouco descritas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as alterações hematológicas em 161 cadelas portadoras de neoplasia mamária e correlacionar à progressão da doença. As principais alterações hematológicas encontradas foram anemia normocítica e normocrômica e leucocitose neutrofílica, sendo ambas mais frequentes em cadelas em estádio avançado (III, IV ou V) da doença.Conclui-se que as alterações laboratoriais de anemia e leucocitose verificadas em cadelas com neoplasia mamária estão correlacionadas positivamente com o estádio avançado da doença.

-The objectives of this study were to estimate the phenotypic correlations of residual feed intake (RFI) and gross feed efficiency (GFE) with hematological and metabolic blood profiles of lambs and to determine the differences for these traits in animals of different RFI classes. Twenty Ile de France male lambs, 115±8 days of age and 31.3±4.1 kg of body weight (means ± SD), were individually housed and their dry matter intake was measured over 65 days. They were weighed every 13 days to determine the average daily weight gain and two blood samples were collected at the last two weighings (at 07h30) for analysis of blood variables. The animals were divided into two classes: negative RFI (most efficient: <0.5 SD below the mean; n = 6) and positive RFI (least efficient: >0.5 SD above the mean; n = 8). There were associations among RFI and the serum metabolic variables for albumin (r RFI = 0.74) and creatinine (r RFI = −0.45) and between GFE and serum albumin (r GFE = −0.70). Less efficient animals as measured by RFI had higher serum albumin and lower creatinine levels and showed a tendency to have a greater concentration of total plasma protein. Other serum biochemical parameters were not correlated with GFE and RFI, and no differences between RFI classes were found. There was a correlation between the percentage of eosinophils and RFI (r RFI = −0.65), and such more efficient animals had a higher proportion of these cells and a trend to have a lower percentage of monocytes. This study provided evidence indicating associations between RFI and protein metabolism, as reflected by the serum albumin and creatinine. The hematological findings suggest that RFI is related to susceptibility of lambs to stress and should provide a basis for further research in this regard.

The present study evaluated the in vivo antitumor effects and toxicity of a new Ru(II) compound, cis-(Ru[phen][ImH]) (also called RuphenImH [RuC]), against Walker-256 carcinosarcoma in rats. After subcutaneous inoculation of Walker-256 cells in the right pelvic limb, male Wistar rats received 5 or 10mgkg RuC orally or intraperitoneally (i.p.) every 3 days for 13 days. A positive control group (2mgkg cisplatin) and negative control group (vehicle) were also used. Tumor progression was checked daily. After treatment, tumor weight, plasma biochemistry, hematology, oxidative stress, histology, and tumor cell respiration were evaluated. RuC was effective against tumors when administered i.p. but not orally. The highest i.p. dose of RuC (10mgkg) significantly reduced tumor volume and weight, induced oxidative stress in tumor tissue, reduced the respiration of tumor cells, and induced necrosis but did not induce apoptosis in the tumor. No clinical signs of toxicity or death were observed in tumor-bearing or healthy rats that were treated with RuC. These results suggest that RuC has antitumor activity through the modulation of oxidative stress and impairment of oxidative phosphorylation, thus promoting Walker-256 cell death without causing systemic toxicity. These effects make RuC a promising anticancer drug for clinical evaluation.

This study aimed to evaluate occurrences of antibodies against Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in dogs with neurological signs. Blood samples from 147 dogs were collected: 127 from owned dogs (attended at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná (HV-UFPR) and at private veterinary clinics in the city of Curitiba), and 20 from stray dogs found in Curitiba's metropolitan region. The dogs presented one or more of the following neurological signs: seizures, paresis or paralysis, ataxia, behavioral abnormalities, sensory and somatic disorders and chorioretinitis. The samples were analyzed by means of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), at a cutoff dilution of 1:50. Out of the 147 samples obtained, 17 (11.56%) were seropositive for N. caninum, 31 (21.08%) for T. gondii and four (2.72%) for both protozoa. Serum titration on the positive animals showed that 54.83% (17/31) and 41.18% (7/17) had titers > 1:200 against T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. A significant difference in seropositivity for T. gondii (P = 0.021; OR = 2.87; CI = 1.1 > 2.8 > 7.4) was observed between owned dogs (18.11%) and stray dogs (40%). Inclusion of serological tests for neosporosis and toxoplasmosis is recommended in diagnosing neurological diseases in dogs.

-This study was designed to investigate the effect of early weaning and concentrate supplementation on performance and metabolic profile of lambs in four production systems on pasture: suckling lambs not supplemented until slaughter; suckling lambs supplemented with concentrate in creep feeding until slaughter; early weaned lambs not supplemented until slaughter; early weaned lambs supplemented with concentrate until slaughter. Performance was assessed by average daily gain (ADG) and body condition score (BCS) measurements. Concentrate supplementation has similar response to suckling on the performance and metabolic profile of animals, and may be considered an efficient strategy to improve the nutritional status of early weaned lambs.