Quantitative evaluation of soil erosion rate is an important basic to investigate and improve land use system, which has not been sufficiently conducted in Indonesia.  The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Erosion Three Dimension (E3D) in Surfer were used to identify characteristic of dominant erosion factors in Sumani Watershed in West Sumatra, Indonesia using data soil survey and monitoring sediment yield in outlet watershed.  Climatology data from three stations were used to calculate Rainfall erosivity (R) factor. As many as101 sampling sites were used to investigate soil erodibility (K-factor) with physico-chemical laboratory analysis. Digital elevation model (DEM) of Sumani Watershed was used to calculate slope length and Steepness (LS-factor). Landsat TM imagery and field survey were used to determine crop management (C-factor) and conservation practices (P-factor). Calculating soil loss and map of USLE factor were determined by Kriging method in Surfer 9. Sumani Watershed had erosion hazard in criteria as: severe to extreme severe (26.23%), moderate (24.59%) and very low to low (49.18%).  Annual average soil loss for Sumani watershed was 76.70 Mg ha-1 y-1 in 2011. Upland area was designated as having a severe to extreme severe erosion hazard compared to lowland which was designated  as having very less to moderate.  On the other land, soil eroded from upland were deposited in lowland. These results were verified by comparing one year’s sediment yield observation on the outlet of the watershed. Land use (C-factor), rainfall erosivity (R- factor), soil erodibility (K-factor), slope length and steepness (LS-factor) were dominant factors that affected soil erosion. Traditional soil conservation practices were applied by farmer for a long time such as terrace in Sawah.  The USLE model in Surfer was used to identify specific regions susceptible to soil erosion by water and was also applied to identify suitable sites to conduct soil conservation planning in Sumani Watershed.[How to Cite : Aflizar, R Afrizal, T Masunaga. 2013. Assessment Erosion 3D Hazard with USLE and Surfer Tool: A Case Study of Sumani Watershed in West Sumatra Indonesia. J Trop Soils, 18 (1): 81-92. doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.81][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.1.81]

This paper presents the geochemical study of agricultural soil and river sediments along Sumani watershed, West Sumatra in Indonesia. We examined the distribution and abundances of 16 elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr,V, Sr, Rb, Ce, Th, Zr, Si, Ti, Fe Ca, and P) in vegetable soil, sawah soil =and river sediment sample, to evaluate the factors controlling their abundances, possible sources, and environmental implications. Average concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr,V, Sr, Rb, Ce, Th, Zr at vegetable (1) soil were 38, 88.3, 38.7, 3, 8, 101, 96, 98, 87, 31 and 218 mg kg-1 , 26, 39.05, 8.8, 13.5, 31, 231.5, 37, 19, 78, 16 and 303.5 mg kg-1 at sawah soil (3, 4) and 30, 61.6, 35.7, 9, 22, 294, 65, 12, 78, 14 and 232 mg kg-1 at river sediment (2), respectively. The concentration of Pb, Rb, Th and Zr at upland vegetables, V and Zr at sawah soil and river sediment were mostly two time Sumatra BCSCST or BCC in several samples. Enrichment factor values showed low to moderate enrichment of Pb, Zn, Cu, Rb, Ce and Zr, whereas Th showed significant contamination at vegetables soil, suggesting contributions from anthropogenic sources. Anthropogenic contributions of most metals mainly originate from natural processes. However, Pb, Ce, Th and Zr ranges of 527–108, 41-89, 66-117 and 35-100%, respectively, at Vegetable and sawah soil and river sediment confirm their anthropogenic contribution. Factor analysis and correlation matrices suggested that elevated metal concentrations at agricultural soil in Sumaniwatershed might be controlled by pH, CEC, Fe-oxy-hydroxides. Deposition of metals at vegetable and sawah soil and river sediment might be controlled by non-ferrous metal (i.e., aluminosilicates), sediment grain size, or source rock composition (andesite, alluvial fan, undifferentiated volcanic material, granite and gneiss).Keyword: Agricultural soil, anthropogenic activities, enrichment factor, metals source, river sediment, watershed trace [How to Cite: Aflizar, Muzakkir, R Afrizal and MA Rahman. 2016. Geochemical Investigation of Selected Elements in an Agricultural Soil: Case Study in Sumani Watershed West Sumatera in Indonesia. J Trop Soils 21: 49-66. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2016.21.1.49]

The existence of PT. CNM Solok becomes very important as one of the guarantor of the availability of Indonesian corn seeds in order to keep corn production in a sustainable manner. In operation PT. CNM Solok in cooperation with PT. Pertani and farmer breeder. During the partnership there were two barriers: the delay in product distribution and the late payment of the contract. The purpose of this research is (1) Analyzing the partnership pattern applied by PT. CNM Solok with farmer breeders and PT. Pertani, (2) Analyze the evaluation of partnership implementation implemented by PT. CNM Solok with farmer breeders and PT. Pertani, (3) Compare the income level of the breeder farmer with regional income standard when partnering with PT. CNM Solok, (4) Describe the level of satisfaction of both partners of PT. CNM Solok is farmer breeders and PT. Pertani to the way the partnership so far.  This research was carried out for 2 months from the date of February 20, until May 19 2018 at PT. Citra Nusantara Mandiri Solok, Solok City, West Sumatra. The study used primary data (interviews and contract documents of partnership) and secondary data were processed descriptively qualitative. Partnership pattern of PT. CNM Solok with farmer breeder ie plasma core. While the partnership pattern of PT. CNM Solok with PT. Pertani is subcontracted. The implementation of the partnership has not been fully realized. Farmers' income is lower than UMP with a land area of 0.25 hectares. Partners have been satisfied with existing partnerships

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Merantau is a unique form of outmigration in Minangkabau communities. The Minangkabau's strong tendency to migration as a rite de passages especially for young men. They migrate from rural areas to looking for experience, prosperity and education. Its also places a heavier burden on household left behind to make up for lost local labor. The impact of outmigration on agriculture, especially on household left behind has long been debated. Thus identifiying the impact of migration on household in rural origin is an open empirical questio. The main purpose of this paper is to analyse impact of merantau to household left-behind labor allocation in on-farm, off-farm and non-farm activity. The paper uses treatment regression techniques to asses impact merantau on household labor allocation. The result provide that merantau contributes to increase hired labor on paddy farming. Paddy farming operations used 89% hired labor. Merantau reduce labor force participation for household members left behind and increase non-farm activity. Base on the findings, this study contributions to the literature by providing a wider understanding of labor supply decisions in rural household that have migrant and receive financial transfers.

One of the contributors to inflation in Padang City comes from the food and/or food ingredients subgroup. In this subgroup, the variable that dominates the inflation rate is food prices. Unstable inflation conditions will have an impact on the economy of a region. The purpose of the study was to identify the development of food prices in the city of Padang and to analyze the effect of food price fluctuations on inflation in the city of Padang. Data for the period January 2018 to December 2021 are used for descriptive analysis and vector autoregressive modeling (VAR/VECM). The variables used are the prices of rice, red chilies, cooking oil, broiler eggs, broiler meat, and granulated sugar. will be analyzed its effect on inflation in the city of Padang. The condition of food prices shows a fluctuating trend. The analysis results show that in the short term cointegration occurs between variables. In the long term, the prices of rice, red chilies, broiler eggs, and chicken meat have a significant effect on inflation in the city of Padang. The projection results for the next 24 years show that the most significant contribution of variance is dominated by the inflation variable (53.69%). The most significant strategic food commodity in explaining the inflation diversity of Padang City is red chili  (22.99%)  and  rice  (16.76%).  The  rest  (6.56%)  is  explained  by  other  commodities'  price variables. The contribution of food prices identified as having an impact on inflation in the City of Padang should be the focus of attention of the local government in setting trade regulations in the future.

Sumatera Barat merupakan penyumbang gambir terbesar di Indonesia mencapai 63,47% dari total ekspor Indonesia ke pasar dunia. Negara utama ekspor gambir Sumatera Barat adalah India. Tantangan umum yang dihadapi Indonesia dalam mengekspor gambir ke India adalah adanya pesaing lain seperti Perancis, Italia, Belgia dan lainnya, kondisi harga pasar lokal dan harga ekstrak gambir baku impor, prosedur pemerintah untuk ekspor-impor membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama. Selain itu, tingginya permintaan dan rendahnya produksi gambir menyebabkan penundaan pengiriman. Hal ini tentu saja akan mengganggu sistem perdagangan gambir dan akan berdampak terhadap daya saing gambir. Metode analisis penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis komparatif RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage). Hasil analisis daya saing komparatif RCA (RevealedComparative Advantage) menggambarkan daya saing ekspor gambir Indonesia (Studi kasus di Sumatera Barat) di pasar dunia belum memiliki daya saing. Namun, untuk gambir Indonesia di pasar sasaran utama (India), Indonesia memiliki daya saing yang kuat pada sepuluh tahun terakhir (tahun 2010-2019) dibandingkan negara pesaing lainnya.Kata kunci: daya saing, gambir, RCA, In

Kebun Batang Toru adalah salah satu Kebun PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III yang bergerak di bidang perkebunan karet dan kelapa sawit dengan produk tandan buah segar (TBS) dari kelapa sawit. Kebun Batang Toru menguasai hak kepemilikan 4.097,37 Ha yang terdiri dari 7 Afdeling (Karet dan Kelapa Sawit), salah satunya afdeling II Sipisang yang memiliki komoditas perkebunan kelapa sawit. Afdeling II Sipisang memiliki total luas 518,25 Ha, dengan luas lahan untuk komoditas kelapa sawit adalah 146 Ha. Kegiatan panen dan pasca panen dilakukan di PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III Batang Toru tanaman II afdeling Sipisang seperti pengurangan buah dan transportasi TBS ke titik pengumpulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis seberapa besar kehilangan hasil dan kemungkinan risiko insiden TBS kelapa sawit pasca panen. Jumlah kehilangan pascapanen TBS yang diperoleh adalah 7, 05% dari total TBS yang dihasilkan. Kerugian terletak di tanah ke titik pengumpulan. Dampak kerugian pasca panen dari total TBS kelapa sawit adalah Rp 2.209.160,53 dengan probabilitas kejadian 4,4 persen.