ResumoOBJETIVO: Descrever as características maternas e das crianças, bem como avaliar os fatores associados à interrupção do aleitamento materno exclusivo. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal que incluiu 667 crianças de seis meses que compareceram na Campanha de Multivacinação em Uberlândia, 2008. No delineamento amostral, foram sorteadas as unidades de vacinação e posteriormente as crianças em cada unidade, sistematicamente. Um instrumento semiestruturado foi utilizado para coleta dos dados, formulado com questões sobre alimentação da criança e características sociodemográficas da mãe. Foi utilizado risco relativo e teste do χ 2 para análise dos dados, aceitando como nível crítico p<0,05, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: A prevalência do aleitamento materno para os menores de 120 e 180 dias foi de 89,5 e 85%, respectivamente; e na modalidade de aleitamento materno exclusivo, 50,6 e 39,7% para menores de 120 e 180 dias, respectivamente. Os fatores mais associados ao abandono do aleitamento materno exclusivo em menores de seis meses foram o trabalho materno fora de casa (OR=2,7; IC95%=1,7-4,2) e o uso de chupetas (OR=4,2; IC95%=2,8-6,3). O fato de a mãe ser multípara (OR=0,5; IC95%=0,4 -0,81) e recorrer ao atendimento puerperal na rede pública (OR=0,5; IC95%=0,3-0,7) representaram fatores de proteção contra a prática do desmame precoce. CONCLUSÃO: As prevalências do aleitamento materno e aleitamento materno exclusivo no município de Uberlândia estão entre as maiores do país. Os fatores mais frequentemente associados à prática de desmame precoce foram trabalho materno fora de casa, oferta de bicos ou chupetas às crianças, atendimento puerperal efetuado no serviço privado e primiparidade. Abstract PURPOSE:To describe the characteristics of mothers and children and to evaluate the factors associated with discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding. METHODS: A cross-sectional study on infants under six months of age who attended the vaccination campaign in 2008. In the sample design, vaccination units were selected by drawing lots and infants were similarly selected later at each unit systematically. A semi-structured instrument was used for data collection, containing questions about children's nutrition and socio-demographic characteristics. We used Odds Ratio and the χ 2 test for data analysis, accepting as the critical level p<0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of breastfeeding for infants under 120 and 180 days of age was 89.5 and 85% respectively, and exclusive breastfeeding was 50.6 and 39.7% for infants less than 120 and 180 days of age, respectively. The factors most related to the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding in infants under six months were maternal employment outside the home (OR=2.73; 95%CI=1.74-4.29) and use of pacifiers (OR=4.26; 95%CI=2.85-6.38). The mother being multiparous (OR=0.57; 95%CI=0.40-0.81) and receiving postpartum care in the public health care network (OR=0.55; 95%CI=0.39-0.79) represented protective factors against the practice of early cessation of breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS:...

This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of nursing students and its relationship with year of training, sociodemographic variables and the intensity of depressive symptoms. A convenience sample of 256 students, out of 353 eligible (72%), responded to the Medical Outcomes Study -The 36 Item ShortForm Health Survey (SF-36) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (self-administered).Final-year students, females and students with a higher intensity of depressive symptoms presented lower SF-36 scores in the physical functioning, vitality and social functioning domains. Institutional psychopedagogic support programs may minimize this negative impact on the HRQoL and encourage better professional performance of students in higher vulnerability situations. Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud y síntomas depresivos de estudiantes del curso de graduación en enfermería.Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y transversal que investigó la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud (CVRS) de los estudiantes de enfermería y la relación con años de estudio, las variables sociodemográficas y la intensidad de los síntomas depresivos. Una muestra accidental de 256 estudiantes de 353 elegibles (72%) respondió el Medical Outcomes Study -The 36 Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) y el Inventario de Depresión de Beck (IDB) (auto-aplicación). Estudiantes del último año del curso, los del sexo femenino y con mayor intensidad de síntomas depresivos, presentaron menores puntuaciones del SF-36 en los dominios capacidad funcional, vitalidad y aspectos sociales. El impacto es mayor en el último año del curso, los estudiantes de sexo femenino o con síntomas depresivos. Programas de apoyo psicológico podrían minimizar este impacto y contribuir a una mejor formación y desempeño profesional de los estudiantes en situación de mayor vulnerabilidad.

A esclerose múltipla (EM) é doença crônica, de caráter inflamatório e degenerativo 1 , que acomete preferencialmente adultos jovens 1,2 . A saúde e o bem estar desses indivíduos podem sofrer forte impacto pela doença e/ou efeitos colaterais de medicamentos, com interferência significativa na qualidade de vida (QV) de seus portadores. O conceito de QV refere-se a indicadores objetivos e subjetivos de felicidade e de satisfação 3 . Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde, a QV é definida como "a percepção do indivíduo de sua posição na vida, no contexto cultural e no sistema de valores em que ele vive e em relação a seus objetivos, expectativas, preocupações e desejos" 4 . Na área biomédica, a QV relacionada à saúde (QVRS) refere-se à satisfação e bem-estar do indiví-duo nos domínios físico, psicológico, social, econômi-co e espiritual em relação ao estado de saúde, uma combinação do estado de saúde com a resposta afetiva a esta condição 5 . PAlAVRAS-ChAVE: esclerose múltipla, qualidade de vida, avaliação em saúde. Health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosisABSTRACT -Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease which may exert significant effects on the life of patients. Traditional outcome measures in MS lack in consider the effects of the disease on health-related quality of life (hRQol). The goal of this study is to measure hRQol in MS patients in the city of Uberlân-dia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The Brazilian version of the SF-36 was applied in 23 MS patients and in 69 subjects of general population (blood donors) in Uberlândia. MS patients scored lower in all SF-36 scales than do the general population, principally in physical function domains. Patients with EDSS scores ≤3.5 had higher mean scores in four domains than do the patients with EDSS scores ≥4.0, and lower in all domains than control group. Depressive symptoms and heat intolerance showed correlation with SF-36 domains and components. In conclusion, MS patients have a significant negative impact on all hRQol domains measured by SF-36, compared with general population, even in the stages with lower disability.KEy wORDS: multiple sclerosis, quality of life, health evaluation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect the type of hip fracture (femoral neck or trochanteric) has on the Health-Related Quality of Life of elderly subjects. METHODS: Forty-five patients with hip fractures (mean 74.30 ± 7.12 years), 24 with a femoral neck fracture and 21 with a trochanteric fracture, completed the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) at baseline and four months after fracture. The Health-Related Quality of Life scores were compared according to fracture type, undisplaced and displaced femoral neck fractures, and stable and unstable trochanteric fractures. RESULTS: Compared to baseline, all patients scored lower in the physical functioning, role limitation-physical, bodily pain and vitality categories four months after the fracture had occurred. The SF-36 scores for all the scales did not differ significantly between patients with femoral neck versus trochanteric fractures, or between patients with displaced versus undisplaced femoral neck fractures and stable versus unstable trochanteric fractures. CONCLUSIONS: The mental and physical quality of life of elderly patients with a hip fracture is severely impaired one month after fracture, with partial recovery by the end of the fourth month. The negative impact on the Health-Related Quality of Life did not differ significantly according to fracture type

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a variabilidade interobservador do método ultrassonográfico para medida da gordura subcutânea, visceral e perirrenal por meio de técnica padronizada. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 50 pacientes entre novembro de 2006 e janeiro de 2007. A medida da espessura subcutânea foi realizada com transdutor linear de 7,5 MHz posicionado transversalmente a 1 cm acima da cicatriz umbilical. Para a gordura visceral foi utilizado transdutor de 3,5 MHz posicionado 1 cm acima da cicatriz umbilical, considerando-se a medida entre a face interna do músculo reto abdominal e a parede posterior da aorta na linha média do abdome. A gordura perirrenal foi medida no terço médio do rim direito, com transdutor posicionado na linha axilar média. RESULTADOS: A reprodutibilidade interobservador foi analisada por meio do teste t de Student, com significância de 95%. Não houve diferença significativa entre as médias das medidas das gorduras subcutânea, visceral e perirrenal, com p = 0,7141, 0,7286 e 0,6368, respectivamente. As médias encontradas, com seus respectivos desvios-padrão, foram: 2,64 ± 1,37 para a espessura subcutânea, 6,84 ± 2,38 para a espessura visceral e 4,89 ± 2,6 para a espessura perirrenal. CONCLUSÃO: A ultrassonografia apresentou boa reprodutibilidade interobservador para avaliação da gordura abdominal por meio das medidas das espessuras subcutânea, visceral e perirrenal.

SUMMARYThis study determined the prevalence of intestinal protozoa in Long Term Residency Institutions for the Elderly (ILPI) in elders, nurses and food handlers, identifying the risk factors associated with the infections. Stool samples taken from the elderly (n = 293), nurses (63) and food handlers (19) were studied. Questionnaires were used with questions related to sociodemographic variables, health, behavior and health characteristics. Stool samples were examined using the techniques of Faust and Ziehl Neelsen, and the prevalence of G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica/dispar in the elderly was 4.0%, 1.0% and 0.3% respectively. Nurses and food handlers showed 4.8% and 5.2% positivity only for G. duodenalis, respectively. The origin of the individuals and contact with domestic animals has been associated with infection by G. duodenalis in the elderly, and contact with domestic animals was considered a risk factor for infection. The last stool examinations were related to Cryptosporidium spp.. None of the variables were associated with E. histolytica/dispar. The frequency of hand washing was significantly associated with G. duodenalis among nurses. The frequency of positive samples of G. duodenalis, Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica/dispar showed that ILPIs environments are conducive to this occurring due to contact between the elderly, nurses and food handlers, which are often poorly trained in hygiene procedures and food handling.

Este é um artigo publicado em acesso aberto (Open Access) sob a licença Creative Commons Attribution, que permite uso, distribuição e reprodução em qualquer meio, sem restrições, desde que o trabalho original seja corretamente citado. Adaptação transcultural e validação da escala de Saúde Global do PROMIS para a língua portuguesaCross-cultural adaptation and validation of the PROMIS Global Health scale in the Portuguese language Adaptación transcultural y validación de la escala de Salud Global del PROMIS a la lengua portuguesa

INTRODUCTION: from an epidemiological point of view, more than 120 species of triatomine (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are known. The occurrence and positivity for Trypanosoma cruzi in triatomines in 16 municipalities of the Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba were evaluated from January 2002 to December 2004. METHODS: the triatomines were captured basically according to the classic norms of the National Health Foundation. The parasitological exams of the triatomines were conducted according to the technique described by the Ministry of Health. During the study period, 990 specimens of triatomines were captured and of these, 771 could be examined. RESULTS: five species were identified: Triatoma sordida, Panstrongylus diasi, Panstrongylus megistus, Panstrongylus geniculatus and Rhodnius neglectus. Triatoma sordida represented 71.5% of all the triatomines captured, followed by Panstrongylus megistus (18%), Rhodnius neglectus (9.3%), Panstrongylus diasi (0.8%) and Panstrongylus geniculatus (0.4%). Of the total number of triatomines examined, 2.7% were positive for Trypanosoma cruzi. Panstrongylus megistus was the species that presented the highest rates of infection by Trypanosoma cruzi (8.3%), followed by Rhodnius neglectus (2.9%) and Triatoma sordida (1.4%). CONCLUSIONS: there is a need to adapt to new circumstances in epidemiology, with greater emphasis on entomological surveillance, since the potential for adaptation of secondary species of triatomines exists, especially where Chagas' disease is already under control.