RESUMEN "POSIBLE ROL DE LOS MACRÓFAGOS EN FLUIDO SEMINAL"Este trabajo se realizó para estudiar el rol de los macrófagos en semen y su asociación con: el porcentaje de espermatozoides con DNA nativo, morfología espermática y presencia de anticuerpos antiespermá-ticos (AAE).Se utilizó muestras de semen de 31 pacientes y se evaluaron según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. La cromatina nuclear se estudió con Naranja de Acridina, fluorocromo que discrimina el DNA nativo, color verde, del DNA desnaturalizado, color anaranjado. La concentración de macrófagos se determinó utilizando Rojo Neutro para teñir las células fagocíticas y cámara de Neubauer para contar. La presencia de AAE se investigó mediante reacción de aglutinación mixta.Se encontró asociación entre la presencia de AAE y concentración de macrófagos (p<0,05). Hubo correlación significativa entre presencia de macrófagos y espermatozoides con DNA desnaturalizado (p<0,05). Pero no hubo asociación significativa entre concentración de macrófagos y morfología espermática (p:0,414). Concluimos que existe un fuerte indicio de que los macrófagos presentes en plasma seminal participan en el mecanismo fagocítico contribuyendo a la calidad seminal, facilitando la fertilización.PALABRAS CLAVE: Concentración de macrófagos. Anticuerpos antiespermáticos. Inmunovigilancia. DNA espermático.Morfología espermática. Infertilidad masculina. ABSTRACT"THE POSSIBLE MACROPHAGE ROLE IN SEMINAL FLUID" The present report was designed to study the macrophage role and their association with percentage of spermatozoa showing DNA native, morphologically normal sperm and occurrence of antibody-coated spermatozoa.Human sperm samples from 31 patients were used in this study. All samples were evaluated for standard semen parameters according to World Health Organization criteria. The sperm heads with abnormal versus normal chromatin structure were specified as orange-red versus green by Acridine Orange method. Macrophage concentration was assessed with Neutral Red in Neubauer hemocytometer. The technique for the determination of sperm bound antisperm antibodies was sperm mixed antiglobulin reaction. In our study the presence of antisperm antibodies in associated to macrophages concentration (p<0.05). The log of phagocytic cells were highly correlated with an increase of spermatozoa showing DNA denaturation (p<0.05). The log of phagocytic cells were highly correlated with an increase of spermatozoa showing DNA denaturation (p<0.05). There isn't significative association between the log macrophage concentration and morphologically normal sperm (p:0.414).Thus, the present study further emphasizes the importance of immunosurveillance of the macrophages, and the contribution at the semen quality for the success of the fertilization. Numerous studies have postulated the key factors responsible for the prediction of man potential fertility including spermatic count, acrosoma state, integrity of the cell membrane, morphology and morphometry of the whole spermatozoa and/or of the he...

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The results show that tobacco alters sperm concentration and morphology with an increase of immature forms, demonstrating an altered spermatogenesis process. The consumption of tobacco should be evaluated to carry out the integral study of infertile man.

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Our results indicate that through the swim up procedure gametes with fertile ability similar to normal fertile population can be recovered to be applied in low complexity in vitro fertilization techniques such as intrauterine insemination, where the natural selection is still viable.