The Implications of Behavioristic Theory in Learning Activities in Educational InstitutionsBehavioristic learning theory is a learning theory that is widely applied in the learning process in Indonesia. In this theory, the change in behavior shown by students is the main indicator as a result of stimuli and responses. Students who are able to show a response in the form of behavior change are successes in the learning process. Behavioristic learning theory has a main
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan efikasi diri terhadap psychological well-being pada mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa yang memiliki pengalaman mengikuti proses belajar secara daring/online akibat pandemi Covid-19. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 100 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 67 perempuan dan 33 laki-laki. Alat ukur yang digunakan terdiri dari tiga skala, yaitu skala kesejahteraan psikologis, Peer's Perceived Support Scale (PPSS) dan The General Self Efficacy Scale (GSE). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perolehan koefisien R=0,742 dan F=59,404 (p<0,001). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara simultan terdapat pengaruh yang sangat signifikan antara dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan efikasi diri terhadap psychological well-being mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19. Besarnya kontribusi dukungan sosial teman sebaya dan efikasi diri tehadap psychological well-being adalah sebesar 55,1%.
Independence is the ability to control oneself to deal with situations around them without depending on others. Consequently, appropriate parenting styles are necessary to train independence in children, especially children with special needs. This research aims to describe the parenting style of mothers in shaping the independence of children with special needs. This qualitative research used a phenomenological approach. The object of this research was children with special needs aged 12-17 years. While the research subjects were four mothers with children with special needs in the categories of autism, mental retardation, deafness, and ADHD. Data collection methods used structured interviews conducted in-depth with the research subjects. Subsequently, the data analysis used content analysis techniques. The results showed that the mother's parenting pattern of the four subjects in the formation of independence in children with special needs was through democratic parenting. The democratic parenting pattern is characterized by the provision of direction and guidance from parents, especially mothers, in developing children's independence abilities.
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