The rind of dragon fruit (Hylocereus lemairel (Hook.) Britton & Rose) is a waste material that has not been optimally utilized. The rind contains betacyanin pigment that has many benefits in pharmaceutical products. The study aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties, to evaluate the stability and to apply betacyanin in dragon fruit rind as a natural dye. The extraction process was done by using water as solvent which was sonicated at 50 kHz for 30 minutes at 25 °C. Extract was freeze dried for 48 hours. The dried extract was purified by using preparative TLC and physicochemically analyzed by using UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometer. The stability of betacyanin extract against pH and temperature was examined and applied as a dye in tablet imprinting. The result of this study indicated that betacyanin was found at Rf value of 0.6 same as the betacyanin standard. The maximum wavelength of betacyanin was obtained at 534 nm and the IR spectra showed similarity with betacyanin standard with the same functional groups between 4000-600 cm-1 although there was a slight shift in the wavenumber but it still in the range. The stability study were stable at temperature below 40 °C and at range pH 4-6. Betacyanin applications as natural dye of tablet have been successfully carried out with good color stability during 3 months of storage at room temperature.
Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung senyawa betasianin 5-O-beta-glikosida yang memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya sebagai antioksidan. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan uji antioksidan dari umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) diekstraksi dengan metode Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (UAE) menggunakan pelarut air dan dikeringkan dengan metode freeze drying selama 48 jam. Pengujian betasianin dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis dimana diperoleh nilai Rf = 0,7166 dan panjang gelombang 535 nm yang dianalisis dengan metode spektofotometri UV-Vis. Spektrum FT-IR menunjukan bahwa isolat mengandung gugus-gugus fungsi yang identik dengan betasianin standar (Sigms Alderich). Betasianin diperoleh dalam ekstrak umbi bit merah dengan kadar sebesar 98,6474 %. Umbi bit merah stabil pada suhu 40 °C dan pada pH 5. Uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylylhydrazyl) dengan panjang gelombang 515,50 nm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan adanya aktivitas antioksidan dari umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) dengan nilai IC50 21,8878 µg/mL dibandingkan dengan nilai IC50 vitamin C 7,1099 µg/mL. dapat disimpulkan bahwa umbi bit merah memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang sangat kuat (antioksidan tinggi <50 µg/mL).
Quercetin is a flavonoid compound with strong antioxidant activity found in various plants. The permeability of quercetin into the skin is very low due to its poor water solubility which makes its transdermal delivery inefficient. As a drug delivery system, USUC can increase the effectiveness of drug therapy by reducing the particle size to the nanometer range. The results of the evaluation of the nanodispersion preparation base obtained were stable in the form of a clear, yellow, distinctive aroma resulting from the addition of lecithin and homogeneous, the average pH was 6.8, the turbidity measurement was 0.050%, freeze and thaw testing, namely the stable preparation was stored at room temperature. as well as extreme temperatures, 52 cp viscosity and 1.073 g/ml specific gravity. The results of the evaluation of the quercetin nanodispersion preparation obtained were stable in the form of a clear solution, yellow in color, characteristically flavored resulting from the addition of lecithin and homogeneous, the average pH was 6.4, the transmittance measurement was 94.519%, freeze and thaw testing, namely the stable preparation was stored at room temperature. as well as extreme temperatures, viscosity 52 cp, specific gravity 1.062 g/ml, irritation test which was negative for all parameters observed, the maximum wavelength of quercetin was 371.50, the regression equation for quercetin was linear and the encapsulation efficiency value obtained was 96.22%. The results of characterization using PSA obtained a particle size of 11.0 nm , polydispersity index 0.243, and a zeta potential value of -11.4 mV.
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