Dictionary notes play an important role in description of a title unit. A note is an abbreviated word or phrase which gives a certain characteristic to the language unit. Traditionally, different types of notes are distinguished: grammatical, stylistic, sectoral, chronological, etc. The object of this research is a lexicographic note which can be justified if it demarks the usage sphere and language peculiarities of the title unit.
В статье проанализированы структура и функции онимов на материале текстов произведений научной фантастики (НФ) различных авторов. Предметом исследования послужили собственные имена, относящиеся к искусственным наименованиям, включая антропонимы, космонимы, ойконимы и др. Фоносемантический анализ позволил установить, что звуковое содержание антропонимов совпадает с внутренней формой. Функция онимов заключается в определении персонажей в произведении НФ, во введении их в текст. Стилистическая функция собственных имен сводится не только к указанию на авторский способ их использования в тексте, но и к определению стиля словотворчества конкретного писателя.
There is a need to systematize the information represented by dictionaries in modern bilingual linguography. The microstructure of bilingual (Russian-Tatar, Tatar-Russian) dictionaries is analyzed in the article. The object of the study was more than 200 language reference books (1951-2015) published in Russia.The following system of concepts is considered as a dictionary microstructure: a dictionary entry, a header unit, a phonetic characteristic, a grammatical characteristic, a head unit semantization (interpretation, translation equivalent), compatibility, etymological information, lexicographic illustration and lexicographical litter. Traditional forms of a head unit are described in the course of the analysis, the cases of an initial form unequal submission are revealed, etc. Besides, phonetic characteristics, etymological data presentation methods are analyzed in modern bilingual language reference books. During the analysis of the Tatar dictionary microstructure, it was found that not all vocabularies contain all of the listed zones, an initial form of a header unit is not fed in the same way, several words can be used as a head unit, most of the dictionaries (56% of the total number) has no examples of use, dictionary marks (grammatical, terminological, etc.) within the same dictionary; they are presented inconsistently.
A comprehensive study of dictionary microstructure demonstrates the existence of various kinds of discrepancies and inaccuracies, which are associated mainly with the violation of one of the leading principles of linguography - the principle of uniformity.
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