The Microstructure of Multilanguage Dictionaries:

Abstract

There is a need to systematize the information represented by dictionaries in modern bilingual linguography. The microstructure of bilingual (Russian-Tatar, Tatar-Russian) dictionaries is analyzed in the article. The object of the study was more than 200 language reference books (1951-2015) published in Russia.The following system of concepts is considered as a dictionary microstructure: a dictionary entry, a header unit, a phonetic characteristic, a grammatical characteristic, a head unit semantization (interpretation, translation equivalent), compatibility, etymological information, lexicographic illustration and lexicographical litter. Traditional forms of a head unit are described in the course of the analysis, the cases of an initial form unequal submission are revealed, etc. Besides, phonetic characteristics, etymological data presentation methods are analyzed in modern bilingual language reference books. During the analysis of the Tatar dictionary microstructure, it was found that not all vocabularies contain all of the listed zones, an initial form of a header unit is not fed in the same way, several words can be used as a head unit, most of the dictionaries (56% of the total number) has no examples of use, dictionary marks (grammatical, terminological, etc.) within the same dictionary; they are presented inconsistently.
 A comprehensive study of dictionary microstructure demonstrates the existence of various kinds of discrepancies and inaccuracies, which are associated mainly with the violation of one of the leading principles of linguography - the principle of uniformity.

Supra-Word Units with a Turkic Component

“…Analysis of the phraseological component of the Turkic borrowings reflected in academic dictionaries of the Russian language enables to more reliably identify the degree of assimilation of the borrowed word. The very appearance of phraseological expressions with Turkic lexical units in the receiving language testifies to their firm entry into the language system (Mardanova et al, 2017;Bobohojaev, 1979). The phraseological units with a Turkic component, which are included into explanatory dictionaries, belong to the core of phraseological composition of the Russian language.…”