Background: Vitamin D deficiency is frequently correlated with elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Several studies have demonstrated that vitamin D3 can reverse intracellular oxidative stress. However, vitamin D is prone to deterioration and instability. Liprotides contain lipids and proteins that can prevent vitamin D from oxidating.Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 on MDA concentrations and SOD activity in calcium and vitamin D-deficient rat models.Methods: The experimental post-test-only control group study used 24 Wistar rats randomly in 4 groups. Groups K(-), K(+), and P were fed a vitamin D and calcium-depleted AIN-93M diet for 14 days. Standard feed AIN-93M was received by normal groups (KN). Groups K- were deficient rats in vitamin D and calcium without intervention. The groups of K+ and P were given vitamin D3 (180 IU) which was non-encapsulated and liprotide-encapsulated for 28 days.The SOD activity was quantified with Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity Assay Kit, while MDA levels were determined using Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method. The statistical analysis used One-way ANOVA test with Least Significant Difference follow-up test.Results: The MDA levels and SOD activity in the K+ and P groups had significant differences (p<0.05) against the control group. Liprotides-encapsulated vitamin D3 significantly reduced MDA levels and enhanced SOD activity compared to non-encapsulated in rats with a deficiency in vitamin D and calcium.Conclusion: Liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 has the potential to increase SOD activity and decrease MDA levels.
Latar belakang: Kefir menjadi media fortifikasi zat gizi yang tepat karena memiliki zat enkapsulasi alami yaitu kefiran. Penambahan vitamin B12 dan vitamin D3 untuk mencegah kekurangan vitamin B12 dan D3 pada keadaan resistensi insulin serta meningkatkan mutu gizi kefir susu kambing.Tujuan: Mengetahui adanya pengaruh waktu fortifikasi vitamin B12, vitamin D3 pada mutu gizi kefir susu kambing.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan fortifikan vitamin B12 dan D3 dengan penambahan fortifikan pada jam ke-0, ke-6, ke-12, ke-18 dan ke-24.Hasil:Fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kefir susu kambing antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan signifikan beda nyata pada kadar vitamin D3 (p=0,000) kadar protein (p=0,030), dan kadar serat (p=0,000), diikuti hasil konsentrasi pH (p=0,008), diikuti oleh kadar konsentrasi vitamin B12 (p=0,165), viskositas (p=0,646) dan lemak (p=0,265)Simpulan: Fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kefir susu kambing mendapatkan tingkat kadar optimum terjadi pada fortifikasi vitamin B12 dan D3 pada kelompok perlakuan jam ke-12.
Incidence of diabetes are common among population around the world. Diabetes may lead to other complication and increasing morbidity and mortality. Many ways have been done to treat and prevent the development of diabetes. In addition of conventional pharmacotherapy, therapeutic therapy shown good opportunity to maintain and improve diabetic conditions. Vitamin D3 is known as nutraceutical and has good opportunity to develop the medication of type 2 diabetes. In another way, vitamin D3 naturally easy to damage by environmental condition. To overcome this weakness, researcher around the world have developed the method for protecting unstable compound as vitamin D3 with encapsulation. Liprotide is one of the various materials which can be used for encapsulation. Combination of lipid and protein molecules is expected to be a carrier and protector of vitamin D3 in gastrointestinal system. Here we review the research advances of liprotide as nanocarriers and vitamin D3 as nutraceuticals to discuss in applied on type 2 diabetes.
Keong macan (Babylonia spirata L) merupakan sejenis gastropoda yang mempunyai toleransi yang tinggi terhadap salinitas, namun salinitas juga merupakan faktor kritis terhadap kelulushidupan dan pertumbuhan keong macan. Salinitas media berperan dalam mengendalikan proses osmoregulasi keong macan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap pola osmoregulasi, pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan keong macan pada media dengan salinitas berbeda. Materi yang digunakan adalah keong macan (Babylonia spirata L) yang diperoleh dari perairan Jepara dengan rata-rata bobot awal ±8,4 g/ekor dengan kepadata 2 ekor/L. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Sistematis (RAS) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan pada tiap perlakuannya dengan faktor utamanya adalah salinitas media. Perlakuan yang diujikan adalah dengan perlakuan S1 dengan salinitas 27 ppt (Hipo-osmotik), S2 dengan salinitas 31 ppt (Iso-osmotik), dan S3 dengan salinitas 35 ppt (Hiper-osmotik). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Oktober 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa salinitas berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap Tingkat Kerja Osmotik (TKO), pertumbuhan dan kelulushidupan keong macan. Pola osmoregulasi keong macan pada perlakuan S2 (31 ppt) mengalami pola regulasi iso-osmotik, sementara pada perlakuan S1 (27 ppt) mengalami pola regulasi hiper-osmotik, sedangkan pada perlakuan S3 (35 ppt) mengalami pola regulasi hipo-osmotik. TKO terendah berada pada perlakuan S2 (31 ppt) sebesar 0,14 mOsm/l H2O, sedangkan pada perlakuan S1 (salinitas 27 ppt) memiliki tingkat kerja osmotik (TKO) tertinggi yakni sebesar 135,87 mOsm/l H2O. Laju pertumbuhan mutlak dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik terbaik berada pada perlakuan S2 (31 ppt) dengan nilai masing-masing sebesar 3,10% dan 0,35%. Tingkat kelulushidupan (SR) keong macan terbaik berada pada perlakuan S2 (31 ppt) dengan nilai SR 100%.
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