In this work, we prepared different alkyl acrylates by esterifying acrylic acid with different alcohols (decanol, dodecanol, hexadecanol and octadecanol). Anilimide was then produced by the reaction of aniline with maleic anhydride. Different teropolymers were prepared by polymerization reaction of anilimide, different alkyl acrylate esters and olefins in different ratios. The thermal stability of the prepared terpolymers was measured by thermal gravimetric analysis which demonstrated a high thermal stability. The polymers were degraded above 500 °C. The rheology behavior shows shear-thinning, it approaches the ideal Newtonian behavior in case of polymer (C). The prepared terpolymers succeeded in raising the viscosity index of oil to 118 in case of polymer (C) and decreasing the pour point of oil to -12 in case of polymer (E).

Lubricating oil additives impart new properties to oil or reinforce desirable properties already possessed by the oil. They are used to prevent sludge and varnish deposits in engines, to inhibit rust and corrosion, and to minimize wear and friction. Detergents, especially basic detergents, contain reserve base that will neutralize the acids, while this decreases the corrosive tendency of the acids formed at high temperatures. Dispersants also disperse sludge formed in engine operated at low temperature. In the present work, neutral, basic, and overbasic calcium salt of sulfurized dodecyl phenol and neutral calcium sulfonate were prepared and evaluated as antioxidant and detergent/dispersants. Also, different metallic mixtures were prepared via mixing dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid and neutral calcium salt of dodecyl phenol in different ratios. Then basic and overbasic of corresponding mixtures were prepared using excess of calcium hydroxide and carbon dioxide. The efficiency of the prepared compounds as detergent/dispersant additives for lubricating oil was investigated. It was found that the prepared additives have excellent power of dispersion and detergency and this efficiency increases by increasing basicity, percentage of calcium salt, and the ratio of dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid in the mixture.

Synthetic esters have long been used in a variety of applications due to their excellent thermal stability, excellent cleanliness, natural lubricity, and polarity. In the present work, we aimed to prepare some synthetic base oils through preparation of different dibasic esters by esterification of dicarboxylic acids (adipic acid and azelaic acid) with different linear alcohols (hexanol, octanol, and decanol) and branched alcohol (2‐ethyl hexanol) at 120°C. The reaction yield ranges between 85% and 94%. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy were used to analyze the structures of the produced compounds. Using thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), the heat stability of the produced esters was determined, and it was found that the prepared esters have high thermal stability. The degradation of the prepared esters takes place in the range between 300 and 600°C. The rheological behaviour of prepared esters shows Newtonian behaviours, which means that Newtonian fluids obey viscosity Newton's law. The viscosity is independent of the shear rate. The results showed that the lubricity properties, based on their pour point, flash point, and oxidation stability of the esters, were significantly affected by the linear and branched alcohols used. There is a slight increase in kinematic viscosity and viscosity index values with decreasing the internal chain length of the dibasic acid. The esters which were based on adipic acid such as C1 exhibited maximum values of VI: 187 compared to those which were based on azelaic acid such as F1 with VI: 182. Viscosity and viscosity index increases with increasing the number of carbon atoms of the used mono‐ol alcohols. Using branched alcohols gave almost the same viscosity results compared to using linear alcohol with the same number of carbons. Almost all prepared esters give pour point results ≤ −30°C.

Star like structural compounds were synthesized from different moles % of either dodecyl acrylate or triethylenetetramine using a one-pot commercial synthesis technique. The polymers that were created had various terminations. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and 1HNMR were used to verify the produced polymers' chemical composition with different terminations. Furthermore, by analysis of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), the size and distribution of the synthesised branched polymers were evaluated. Using a Gel-permeation chromatograph, the modified hyperbranched polymer's molecular weight synthesized with various end points were assessed. The unorganized structured prepared compounds with various molar feed ratios dodecyl acrylate: triethylenetetramine (DDA: TETA) was designed as A, B, C, D and E. Moreover, the synthesized compounds expressed as viscosity index improver (VII); as the amount of combined additives in the mixture is concentrated in the solution, so does the VI. As the percentage of triethylenetetramine in prepared hyperbranched polymers increases, so does the VI. and the most effective VI is (E) VI = 212. All of the synthesized hyperbranched polymers have Newtonian rheological behavior as their rheological behavior.