Background: Dengue is one of the most important mosquito borne viral disease with wide spectrum of clinical presentation and often with unpredictable clinical evolution and outcome. Approximately 50 million infections occur annually world-wide, but what’s the real size of the problem in India?  Nobody truly knows...!!  Present study was carried out to determine seropositivity, clinical profile and seasonal variation of dengue infection in central India.Methods: Study was carried out from January 2012 to December 2016. Blood samples were collected from 15,606 patients with dengue like clinical illness and serum was separated. All the samples were subjected to IgM antibody detection by dengue MAC ELISA.Results: Prevalence of dengue in dengue suspected cases was found to be 24.49% (3,822/15,606). Maximum number of positive cases, 1,548 (40.50%) were in the age group of 0-10 years. Males (60.83%) were affected more than females (39.17%). Peak was observed in the months of August, September, October and November. Common presenting features were fever followed by myalgia, arthralgia, headache and bleeding manifestations. Significant drop in platelet count was observed in patients with dengue shock syndrome and dengue haemorrhagic fever.Conclusions: Number of dengue cases in central India are on increase and continued surveillance is essential to determine epidemiological and seasonal trend.

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Background: Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) are gaining importance because of their role as pathogens in certain clinical conditions and their marked resistance to antibiotics. Their species distribution and slime production has important correlation with the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Aim of this study was to determine clinically significant CoNS, their species distribution, slime production and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Identification, speciation and antimicrobial sensitivity testing were performed using standard microbiological techniques. Slime production was also tested by microtiter plate. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines.Results: A total 204 (49.88%) CoNS were found to be clinically significant. Percentage of clinical significance was high in urine isolates (88.88%) followed by pus (47.78%) and blood (45.56%). The most common CoNS infection was septicaemia (54.9%) followed by abscesses and wound infections (26.5%) and urinary tract infection (15.8%). S. epidermidis (46.1%) was the commonest species in CoNS infection followed by S. haemolyticus (22.1%), S. lugdunensis (11.8%) and S. saprophyticus (8.3%). Slime production was seen in 56.4% isolates by microtiter plate method. Maximum resistance was seen to penicillin (92.25%), followed by cotrimoxazole (73.03%), norfloxacin (73.03%), tetracycline (71.07%), gentamicin (69.6%) and cefoxitin (63.2%).Conclusions: The role of CoNS as pathogen, particularly nosocomial and opportunistic is increasing. Identification of species, slime production and antimicrobial susceptibility of CoNS is highly desirable to permit a more precise determination of host-pathogen relationship and knowledge of pathogenicity.

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Influenza virus is a typical human pathogen causing serious respiratory infection. While declaring the last pandemic to be over in August 2010, World Health Organisation (WHO) conveyed that Pandemic Influenza A (HINI) virus would circulate as Seasonal Influenza virus for years to come. This study was undertaken to observe trends of Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic 09 over last five years in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Throat/nasal/nasopharyngeal swabs/aspirates from clinically suspected cases of influenza like illness in category C received in the Viral Research and Diagnostic Lab (VRDL), Indira Gandhi Govt Medical College (IGGMC), Nagpur from October 2015 to September 2019 were included in the study. The samples were tested by reverse transcriptase real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Clinical and epidemiological parameters were also noted. Influenza A(H1N1)pandemic 09 positivity ranged from 03% to 21% in last five years. Males and females were almost equally affected except in 2019. Maximum positive cases were seen in age group of 41-60 years in 2015 (24%), 0-10 years in 2017(24%), 21-40 years in 2018 (9%) and 11-20 years (26%) in 2019 . Dual peaks of infection were seen in 2017, 2018 and 2019. Bhandara, Gondia and Akola districts had highest positivity .Influenza A(H1N1)pandemic 09 is showing shift towards younger age groups and females slightly, both of which needs attention. Waning and waxing trend in last five years indicate unpredictable and changing epidemiology of the virus which should be studied further in details with respect to time, place, person and molecular characterisation of the virus.

Introduction- Acinetobacter had gained increasing attention as a nosocomial pathogen causing severe, life-threatening hospital infections, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). It is notorious to develop multi drug resistant. Management of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. infections is a great challenge for physicians and clinical microbiologists. This study was designed to study the various species ofObjectives: Acinetobacter prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Acinetobacter sp. as isolated from patients lodged in intensive care units (ICUs) of a tertiary care hospital in central India. The study was carried out in microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospitalMaterial & methods: from July 2018 to July 2020. Samples were collected, processed and Acinetobacter isolates were identied by standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed by kirby-bauer disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Out of total 200Results: isolates of Acinetobacter, ACB complex 189 (94.5%) was found to be the most common species isolated. Maximum isolates were obtained from medicine intensive care unit. The most common infection was found to be pneumonia. Maximum isolates were resistant to Cetriaxone, Ceftazidime, Ciprooxacin etc and least resistance was seen in Imepenem, Piperacillin-Tazobactum, Amikacin,. All the strains were sensitive to Colistin. Acinetobacter has emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen showing high degree of resistance to most antimicrobials.Conclusion: Early identication and continued surveillance of their antibiogram is essential for preventing the spread of Acinetobacter in hospital environment.