Brazil is the world largest meat exporter and one of the most recent demands of the import market is directed towards animal welfare. Codes, norms and legislations used in Brazil are out of date, and in most cases those adopted for both poultry and swine production are based on international standards to meet trade requirements. This research aimed to study and describe an overall scenario of the standards, norms and legislations for animal welfare items applied to broiler and swine production: rearing, handling and transportation. The critical points of these items were identified in accordance to standards and current literature on animal welfare issues, effective on January 2008. The comparison was based on given scores varying from 1-5 (very bad to very good) as function of the existence of standard norms and legislations for each country and/or economic block, and for each type of demand, as well as the level of adoption by producers. When compared to counterparts Brazil detained the lowest score for all types of demands, and its mean score of norms is lower (p < 0.05). For both poultry and swine production the European Union provides detailed information to producers, followed by Australia and United States. Exception is made to standards in moving or transporting swine within the farm. Brazilian legislation for poultry production presents a general insufficiency of 58%, while in swine production the highest deficit is in transportation. There is a need to invest in updating animal welfare standards, norms and legislation in the country for maintaining its international competitiveness. Key words: animal production, rearing, transportation, environment, norms PRODUÇÃO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE E SUÍNOS: CENÁRIO DA LEGISLAÇÃO SOBRE BEM-ESTAR ANIMALRESUMO: Brasil é o maior exportador de carne e uma das mais recentes importantes demandas do mercado importador está em torno do bem-estar animal. Os padrões, normas e legislações usadas no país são desatualizadas e, em muitos casos, estas são seguidas na produção animal são baseadas em padrões internacionais, para seguir requisitos do comércio que não atendem necessariamente o esquema brasileiro de alojamento. Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar e descrever o cenário das normas e legislações para as seguintes exigências, aplicadas a produção de frango de corte e suínos: alojamento, manejo e transporte, para subsidiar normas adequadas aplicadas às condições nacionais. Os pontos críticos destes itens foram identificados de acordo com padrões, normas de bem-estar animal e com a literatura vigente até Janeiro de 2008. A comparação foi baseada em escores atribuídos variando de 1-5 (muito ruim até muito bom) como função da existência de padrões, normas e legislações para cada país e/ou bloco econômico e para cada tipo de exigência, com relação ao nível de relevância adotada pelos produtores. Quando comparado com seus pares, o Brasil deteve o menor escore para todos os tipos de exigência e o escore médio de normas brasileiras é baixo (p < 0,05). Para produção de aves e ...
The broiler production chain is productive, and chicken meat has achieved high export rates to several countries in the world. This study aimed to develop a mobile application that helps the producer to audit the issues of good production practices. The application was developed for Android and programmed in Java. For its development, questions were used, with different weights according to their importance for production. These questions were removed from the items that make up the manuals of good practices used in Brazil. A test was carried out with users to determine the possibility of using the application in the field. After answering all the questions, the user gets a score ranging from 5 to 1 (excellent to bad). It also indicates which questions they did agree with good practices. The test with users showed that the application was easy to understand and enabled users to make decisions that would improve broiler production.
O estudo objetivou identificar os pontos críticos de transporte na produção de frangos e comparar as normas nacionais e internacional. Dados foram identificados na literatura atual sobre normas em: jejum, captura, carregamento, transporte e tempo de espera no abatedouro. Foi utilizado e avaliado o principal manual de boas práticas, europeu e brasileiro. O sistema de comparação estabelecido foi baseado em pontuações, com notas que variaram de 1 a 5 (muito ruim a muito bom). O conceito foi aplicado para cada tipo de exigência, quanto ao nível de conscientização do usuário sobre os problemas enfrentados e a descrição de manuais de boas práticas. Cada manual recebeu um escore e os valores médios dos escores foram calculados e comparados. Aplicou-se a escala adaptada de Likert com escores de 1 a 5 para definir o grau de pertinência da legislação. Foram encontradas divergências em aos Manuais estudados. Uma melhor descrição das ações, nos manuais, poderia contribuir para reduzir perdas no processo produtivo e garantir a segurança alimentar da produção avícola industrial.
This article compares Brazil, the United States, and Germany's laws in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, describing the scenario of these laws, comparing them to evaluate which country had the best performance, in their laws concerning the COVID-19, in the face of the international requirements. The primary laws of Brazil, the USA, and Germany were used, comparing WHO requirements and international requirements, analyzing: speed in the isolation decision; assembly of hospitals and equipment; economic measures for the population; organization of states and international negotiation. The comparison system established was based on scores (scores), with scores ranging from 1 to 5 (very poor to very good) depending on the existence of legislation for each country (Brazil, USA, and Germany), for each type of requirement, concerning the level of awareness of the norm's applicator to the problems faced in the pandemic. Although some nations have acted quickly in imposing restrictions and recommending social isolation, they have been hampered by economic, social, and political factors.
RESUMO:The present study aimed to compare the carbon footprint of consumers with a similar lifestyle who frequently eat beef and those who eat broiler meat. An online questionnaire was distributed using several networks. The questions were about the customer age, level of education, gender, marital status, family size, type of house, salary, car type, and appropriate actions toward sustainability. A total of 222 answers were analyzed using the Cluster Analysis with a unweight pair-group average and employing Euclidean distance. Mean values were compared using Student Ttest adopting the significance level of 95% (p value ≤ 0.05). After identifying the Clusters, five individuals from each Cluster were randomly selected, and the carbon footprint was calculated. Results indicated that individuals with the same lifestyle that eat beef have a higher carbon footprint (3 t/year) than those who eat broiler meat. . KEYWORDS:Environmental impact, meat consumers, ecological impact, beef production, broiler production RESUMO. O presente estudo visou comparar a pegada de carbono de consumidores com estilo de vida semelhante, que consumiam carne bovina e carne de frango com frequência. Um questionário online foi distribuído usando as redes disponíveis. As questões perguntadas versaram a respeito do perfil do consumidor, constando idade, nível de educação, gênero, estado civil, tamanho da família, tipo de residência, tipo de carro, e ações adotadas visando sustentabilidade. Um total de 222 respostas foi analisado com da aplicação da análise de Cluster adotando peso equitativo de médias e a distância Euclidiana. Os valores médios foram comparados usando o teste T-Student e adotando a significância no nível de 95% (p valor ≤ 0.05). Após a identificação dos agrupamentos das respostas, cinco indivíduos de cada Cluster foram selecionados ao acaso e as pegadas de carbono destes indivíduos foram calculadas. Os resultados indicaram que aqueles indivíduos com o mesmo estilo de vida que consumiram carne bovina apresentaram uma pegada de carbono maior (3 t/ano) do que aqueles que consumiram carne de frango, em todos os grupos estudados.
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