This document is aimed to describing the potential benefits of the Moringa tree as a nutrient. Moringa tree can be utilized in treating the malnutrition in a local and cost-effective manner. Malnutrition causes a great deal of human suffering and is associated with more than half of all deaths of children worldwide. Malnutrition severely affects the socio-economic development of a nation because a work force that is stunted both mentally and physically may have a reduced work capacity. Thus nutrition plays an important role in the reproduction of poverty from one generation to the next. Not only is the Moringa oleifera tree extraordinary in that all parts of the tree are edible, but the most amazing aspect of the tree is its exceptionally high nutritional value. The leaves of the Moringa tree are an excellent source of vitamin A, vitamin B vitamin C and other minerals. The leaves are also an outstanding source of calcium, protein, potassium and iron. The content of amino acids such as methionine and cystine is also high. Carbohydrates, fats and phosphorous content are low making this one of the finest plant foods to be found. Present review focuses on the potential benefits of Moringa oleifera in treatment of malnutrition.

Purpose of writing this review on microspheres was to compile the recent literature with special focus on formulation variables which affect the drug entrapment efficiency of microspheres. There are various approaches in delivering a therapeutic substance to the target site in a controlled release fashion. One such approach is using microspheres as carriers for drugs. Microencapsulation is used to modify and delayed drug release form pharmaceutical dosage forms. For success of microspheres as drug delivery system its necessary to obtained desired particle size, maximum drug entrapment, mucoadhesion, swelling index and drug release. This can be obtained by optimizing the formulation as well as process variables but before designing the microspheres formulation deep understanding the effect of various variables on characteristics of microspheres is necessary. The intent of the paper is to highlight the reported study on various formulation variables those are might be useful to encountered several problems which is reason for low drug entrapment efficiency.

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Cite this article as:Maurya SD, Arya RKK, Rajpal G, Dhakar RC, Self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS): a review on physico-chemical and biopharmaceutical aspects, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2017; 7(3):55-65 DOI: http://dx. ABSTRACTNearly 40% of new drug candidates exhibit low solubility in water, which is a challenge in development of optimum oral solid dosage form in terms of formulation design and bioavailability of new pharmaceutical products. Many strategies have been used to overcome these problems either by means of modifying the solubility or maintaining the drug in dissolved form throughout gastric transit time. Much attention has focused on lipid solutions, emulsions and emulsion pre-concentrates, which can be prepared as physically stable formulations suitable for encapsulation of such poorly soluble drugs. Recently, self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS) especially have attracted increasing interest primarily because these are physically stable, easy to manufacture, can be filled in soft gelatin capsules and then will generate a drug containing micro-emulsion with a large surface area upon dispersion in the gastrointestinal tract. The emulsions will further facilitate the absorption of the drug due via intestinal lymphatic pathway and by partitioning of drug into the aqueous phase of intestinal fluids. In the present review, an overview of SMEDDS as a key technology for formulating lipophilic drugs and various factors that potentially affect the oral bioavailability of such drugs are presented.