The present study was conducted on the scapula of five adult tigers to record the characteristic features of scapula bone. It was placed on lateral aspect of thorax, directed downward and forward. It was in the form of wide plate having scapular spine on lateral aspect. The height of spine increased gradually towards the distal end. The acromian process was subdivided into hamate process and suprahamate process. Hamate process overhanged the glenoid cavity. The suprahamate process was in the form of thin triangular plate directed backwards. The supraspinous fossa presented undulating surface in its middle. The infraspinous fossa was triangular and more or less flattened. Subscapular fossa was shallow and presented two prominent ridges. The caudal angle of the scapula was terminated in to glenoid cavity which was oval to quadrangular in shape. Cranial and proximal to the glenoid cavity prominent supraglenoid tubercle was observed which had hook shaped coracoid process. Scapula of both the sides were morphologically similar but the morphometrical values for the right scapula were non-significantly higher than the left counterpart (t< 0.05), which may be of some biomechanical importance.
Aim: The leopard (Panthera pardus) is a widespread species in India. It is protected by the national law as well as by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES, listed in Appendix I). However, illegal trade of leopard's bones continues to threaten its survival in the wild. Literature regarding the ossa coxarum of leopards is very rare. Hence, the present study on gross osteomorphometrical study of the ossa coxarum of 4 adult leopards was performed.Materials and Methods: Gross morphological and morphometric study was carried out on the ossa coxarum of 4 adult leopards. Bones under study were the part of specimen collection of Centre for Wildlife Forensic and Health and also from the protected areas like Kanha tiger Reserve and Van Vihar National Park.
Results:consists of two os-coxae bones i.e. left and right. Each os-coxae consists of three large flat bones viz. ilium, ischium, and pubis. In the leopard, the conjugate diameter of pelvis was 7.10 ± 0.10 cm and transverse diameter was 5.27± 0.04 cm. The length of cranial border, caudal border, and dorsal border was 9.10 ± 0.15 cm, 7.35 ± 0.13 cm and 5.15 ± 0.10 cm, respectively.
Conclusion:The gross morphological and morphometric parameter is established. This data will be useful to compare anatomical diversities among the same group.
The sternum of an adult Pariah kite (Milvus migrans) was studied for its gross morphometry. It was procured from Department of Wildlife Health and Management. The sternum of Pariah Kite was in the form of quadrilateral plate with dorsal, concave surface and ventral, convex surface. It formed the thoracic floor and was directed backwards and downwards in an oblique manner. The length and width of sternum were 6.00 cm and 4.20 cm., respectively. Ventral projection, the carina was in the form of thin curved plate, the height of which decreased from before backwards. It was 6.00 cm long, 1.30cm wide and 0.30cm thick (at anterior end). Anterior border was triangular and had an elongated facet on either side for articulation with distal extremity of the coracoids. The caudolateral angles were prominent. At the medial aspect of caudolateral angles a small oval, translucent area covered with a thin membrane was present.
Background: To evaluate use of homologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) drop and leucocyte-platelet rich fibrin (L-PRF) clot/membrane as regenerative therapy for healing of corneal ulcer in dogs and its subsequent comparison with conventional therapy.
Methods: In this randomized study, 30 dogs were divided into three groups of 10 animals each. It was ensured each group had grade I, II and III ulcers. Group I received medicinal treatment with antimicrobial and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drop. In Group II PRP drops and in Group III L-PRF membrane was used to evaluate corneal ulcer healing. Homologous platelet concentrates were prepared in laboratory and used for assessment of healing on various grades of corneal ulcer on basis on reduction in size and depth of ulcer, presence of stromal infiltration, scleral involvement, corneal opacity and vascularization.
Result: Post treatment, the size of corneal ulcer started to reduce gradually from day 7 onwards. Significant (p≤0.05) reduction was observed from day 10 in group I after instillation of drops Moxifloxacin and Flurbiprofen and in group II after instillation of PRP. It was measured as 5.35 ± 0.63 and 5.20 ± 0.98 mm at day 0, which reduced significantly (p≤0.05) to 3.90 ± 0.50 and 3.10 ± 0.98 mm at day 10 in group I and group II respectively. In group III there was significant reduction in size of ulcer from day 0 to day 7 measuring 7.80 ± 1.05 and 0.20 ± 0.11mm respectively. Thereafter, from day 10 onwards complete sealing of ulcer was observed in all the cases. Post treatment there was no significant reduction in corneal opacity from day 0 to day 30 in group I dogs and corneal opacity persisted specially in grade II and grade III ulcers. There was significant reduction (p≤0.05) in opacity from 2.90 ± 0.35 to 2.10 ± 0.38 and 3.00 ± 0.37 to 2.40 ± 0.34 in group II and group III dogs from day 0 to day 10 respectively. In group I, II and III there was significant (p≤0.05) reduction in vascularization from 1.50±0.30 to 1.20±0.13, 1.30±0.37 to 0.60±0.22 and 1.40±0.31 to 0.40±0.31 from day 0 to day 15 respectively. There was a significant reduction in vascularization on day 15 in group II and group III compared to group I animals.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.