Gross anatomy of scapula in Tiger (Panthera tigris)

Abstract

The present study was conducted on the scapula of five adult tigers to record the characteristic features of scapula bone. It was placed on lateral aspect of thorax, directed downward and forward. It was in the form of wide plate having scapular spine on lateral aspect. The height of spine increased gradually towards the distal end. The acromian process was subdivided into hamate process and suprahamate process. Hamate process overhanged the glenoid cavity. The suprahamate process was in the form of thin triangular plate directed backwards. The supraspinous fossa presented undulating surface in its middle. The infraspinous fossa was triangular and more or less flattened. Subscapular fossa was shallow and presented two prominent ridges. The caudal angle of the scapula was terminated in to glenoid cavity which was oval to quadrangular in shape. Cranial and proximal to the glenoid cavity prominent supraglenoid tubercle was observed which had hook shaped coracoid process. Scapula of both the sides were morphologically similar but the morphometrical values for the right scapula were non-significantly higher than the left counterpart (t< 0.05), which may be of some biomechanical importance.

Gross Morphology of Scapula in Indian Wild Cat (Felis silvestris ornate: Gray, 1830)

“…The present observations tallied the earlier reports of Konig and Liebich (2009) in mammals, Sreeranjini et al, (2008) in leopard, Tomar et al, (2012) in tiger and leopard, Sarma et al, (2017) in Civet cat, Mahapatra et al, (2016) and Tomar et al, (2018) in Indian Tiger and Rosu et al,(2016) in cheetah. However, Nzalak et al, (2010) mentioned about triangular scapula in lion.…”

“…The scapular notch was formed by the continuation of ventral border and it was extended up to supra glenoid tubercle (Fig. 1), similar to the finding of Sreeranjini et al, (2008) in leopard and Tomar et al, (2018) in tiger. It presented a coracoid process, which was hook-like directed medially backward and downward (Fig.…”

“…It presented a coracoid process, which was hook-like directed medially backward and downward (Fig. 3), similar to the observation of Tomar et al, (2018) in Indian tiger.…”

“…The quadrangular shape of scapula was also mentioned in late Miocene amphicyonid (Magericyon anceps) by Siliceo et al, (2014), in civet cat by Sarma et al, (2017) and in Indian tiger by Tomar et al, (2018) however, Sundaram et al, (2015) mentioned a triangular scapula in orange rumped agouti (Dasyprocta leporina).…”

“…The terminologies were adopted from Boyd et al, 2001;Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria (2017) and Tomar et al, (2018).…”