Vitamin D supplemented women had sufficient levels of 25(OH)D in cord blood at birth in maximum cases and neonates had higher birth weights and increased crown heel length.

Intravenous paracetamol is more effective labor analgesic with fewer maternal adverse effects and shortens labor as compared to intramuscular tramadol.

Idiopathic polyhydramnios is associated with higher perinatal morbidity and mortality than normal pregnancy.

SUMMARYA 20-year-old primigravida presented in labour with a mass protruding from her vagina during uterine contractions. The mass was a large tense cyst measuring 8×8 cm arising from the posterior vaginal wall. The cyst was present since puberty but increased in size during pregnancy. It collapsed following aspiration and uneventful vaginal delivery was conducted. Following delivery, the cyst was excised and vaginal wall repaired. On histopathology the cyst was identified as a Müllerian cyst. The patient recovered and remained asymptomatic on follow-up. BACKGROUND

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Objectives To study prevalence of lower genital tract infections (LGTI) (bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis) in HIV-seropositive women and correlation with CD4 counts and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods Cross-sectional study conducted in 200 HIV-1-seropositive women (18 to 45 years) attending ART clinic of PGIMS, Rohtak. Vaginal samples sent for laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and candidiasis, CD4 count determined and data analyzed using Chi-square method. Results Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis was 47.7, 43.2, and 8.8 % respectively, 30 % women with CD4 counts \200 cells/ll had LGTI, and 17.4 % women with CD4 [200 Cell/ll had LGTI. Of 70 women not on ART, 18.6 % had LGTI and 30 of 130 on ART had LGTI. Conclusions HIV-seropositive women had higher prevalence of LGTI especially at lower CD4 counts and women on ART did not have a lower prevalence of LGTI and should be screened for LGTI to decrease HIV transmission.

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Introduction Upper limb arterial access is being increasingly used for coronary diagnostic and intervention procedures. Radial artery access is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality as compared to femoral artery access. However, access to the radial artery is not always successful with reported crossover rates to other routes between 3% and 8%. Ulnar artery access is emerging an attractive option both as upfront access and rescue access in case of failure to obtain radial artery access. Aims - To assess and document the feasibility and safety of ulnar access as a default strategy. Methods 2654 patients planned for coronary diagnostic and intervention procedureswere assessed for inclusion. Inclusion criteria were, all patients planned for coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with palpable ulnar pulse. Exclusion criteria included reverse Barbeau test type D, previous procedure resulting in radial artery occlusion/excision, hemodialysis patients having ipsilateral AV fistula and severe forearm deformities. Results 2525 patients were found eligible, out of which 2495 (98.81%) were successfully cannulated. Procedure was completed in 2414 patients. Local site bleeding in 40 (1.6%) and acute loss of ulnar pulse noted in 33 (1.3%) out of 2495 patients. None of the patients had gangrene of access site, pseudo-aneurysm, arteriovenous fistula or neurological deficit post procedure. Conclusion The Ulnar artery access as a default access is safe and feasible option for patient undergoing coronary diagnostic and interventional procedures.