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Since the inception of the theory and conceptual framework of genomic selection (GS), extensive research has been done on evaluating its efficiency for utilization in crop improvement. Though, the marker-assisted selection has proven its potential for improvement of qualitative traits controlled by one to few genes with large effects. Its role in improving quantitative traits controlled by several genes with small effects is limited. In this regard, GS that utilizes genomic-estimated breeding values of individuals obtained from genome-wide markers to choose candidates for the next breeding cycle is a powerful approach to improve quantitative traits. In the last two decades, GS has been widely adopted in animal breeding programs globally because of its potential to improve selection accuracy, minimize phenotyping, reduce cycle time, and increase genetic gains. In addition, given the promising initial evaluation outcomes of GS for the improvement of yield, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and quality in cereal crops like wheat, maize, and rice, prospects of integrating it in breeding crops are also being explored. Improved statistical models that leverage the genomic information to increase the prediction accuracies are critical for the effectiveness of GS-enabled breeding programs. Study on genetic architecture under drought and heat stress helps in developing production markers that can significantly accelerate the development of stress-resilient crop varieties through GS. This review focuses on the transition from traditional selection methods to GS, underlying statistical methods and tools used for this purpose, current status of GS studies in crop plants, and perspectives for its successful implementation in the development of climate-resilient crops.

Digital payments evolve as the next generation system to take over the global commerce landscape in the same manner in which internet and mobile telephony had dominated the traditional communication domains. The use of mobile banking apps has spurred the digital medium across the globe and resulted in a fundamental shift in retailing practices. The purpose of this paper is to comprehend various factors influencing the customer's continuance intentionbehavior to use mobile banking apps. In this study, we developed a research model that encompasses the attributes of Expectation confirmation theory (ECT) and Self-determination theory (SDT). The research model was tested using survey data collected from 744 respondents across various demographics and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to understand the usage behavior of mobile banking apps in a multi-faceted business environment. The various hypothesis of the research model indicate that mobile banking apps continuance intention usage behavior is strongly influenced by the satisfaction, intrinsic and identified regulations, whereas satisfaction is influenced by the expectation-confirmation, trust, and quality. The research findings reveal that, "An enormous potential are available for marketing managers and researchers to tape these opportunities and plan for continual and sustainable growth of mobile banking apps. "

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The aim of this study was to screen Indian cultivated wheat varieties and list out the parameters/genes required to be improved for an end-product. Therefore, 30 Indian wheat varieties under cultivation by farmers were screened for 14 physico-chemical and rheological parameters, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS), DNA based molecular markers for low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) and puroindolines (Pin) genes. Based on grain texture, sedimentation value, farinographic, alveographic, HMW-GS and LMW-GS and biscuit making parameters, HS490 was found to be a highly suited for biscuit and soft wheat products. HI1563 and DBW14 were also found to possess characteristics such as low protein, low to medium SDS-sedimentation value and combination of 2*, 7?8 and 2?12 (HMW-GS). DBW14 also had LMW alleles desirable for biscuit quality. DBW14 needs to be improved for grain softness to make it suitable for biscuit quality while both grain softness and LMW alleles need to be improved for HI1563 to improve its biscuit spread factor and alveographic indices for extensible gluten. Rest varieties showed moderate to very strong gluten but the gluten lacked extensibility. Only four varieties K307, DBW39, NI5439 and DBW17 possessed high flour protein and moderately strong gluten. They had more balanced deformation energy (W) and configuration ratio (P/L) combination suggestive of strong and extensible gluten needed for raised bread making. Marker assisted backcross breeding is suggested as solution to produce end-use specific varieties where appropriate alleles at only a few loci need to be incorporated. Keywords Wheat grain quality Á Gluten Á Grain texture Á High molecular weight (HMW) Á Low molecular weight (LMW) glutenins Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

We report the results of investigations that were conducted in a sheep flock in Uttaranchal, India where repeated failure of anthelmintic medication was noted. The study revealed that Haemonchus contortus in sheep had developed resistance to benzimidazoles (fenbendazole, mebendazole and albendazole), imidazothiazole (levamisole) and salicylanide (rafoxanide), while it was fully susceptible to avermectins (ivermectin). Further, the suppression of nematode egg output in faeces of sheep naturally infected with multiple anthelmintic-resistant H. contortus following treatment with ivermectin tablet (0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw), orally), ivermectin injection (1% w/v, 0.2 mg/kg bw, subcutaneously) and ivermectin pour-on (0.5 w/v, 0.5 mg/kg bw) was also studied over a period of 10 weeks post treatment. It was noted that ivermectin tablet after initial clearance of infection (faecal egg count reduction 100%), could not prevent establishment of new patent natural infection for even a single day, while ivermectin pour-on and injection prevented the establishment of new infection for 7 and 14 days post treatment, respectively. Maximum protection period (duration for which mean faecal egg count of sheep reaches 500 eggs per gram of faeces or more) of 68 days was recorded in sheep treated with injectable ivermectin, followed by pour-on (60 days) and oral (53 days) preparations.

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