The objective of this research is to estimate the demand response ofmain food (rice, meat, egg, and milk) to population increasein West Sumatera.To achieve this objective, we use multiple regression analysis using secondary data of West Sumatera from 2002 to 2013. In this case we use the product price, total population, and per kapita income asindependent variabels; and food demand as dependent variabel. The result shows that only total population significantly influence the demandon rice, meat, eggs, and milk, with coefficient of response8% for rice; 2.95% for meat; 4.37% for eggs, and14.03% for milk.These numbers shows that the demand on food is very elastic to the increase of total population. It means that the 1% increase on total population, would increase about 8% demand on rice; about 2.95% demand on meat; 4.37% demand on eggs, and 14.03% demand on milk.
Masyarakat Pulau Siberut sebahagiannya merupakan masyarakat suku asli mentawai yang memiliki keragaman kearifan lokal. Pada beberapa wilayah administratifnya, terdapat kawasan wisata bahari yang berdekatan langsung dengan aktivitas masyarakat suku Mentawai. Kearifan lokal tersebut merupakan potensi yang dapat digunakan untuk pengembangan wisata bahari. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan keragaman bentuk kearifan lokal sebagai data dan informasi dasar yang digunakan dalam pengembangan wisata bahari di Pulau Siberut. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Siberut Selatan. Waktu penelitian selama 3 bulan terhitung semenjak bulan Oktober s/d November 2021. Data primer didapatkan dari hasil wawancara dengan 9 orang informan yang berasal dari tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh adat. Data sekunder didapatkan dengan teknik dokumentasi. Fokus data penelitian ini yaitu bentuk-bentuk kearifan lokal yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat suku mentawai di sekitar kawasan wisata bahari. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kualitatif dengan alat analisis sintesis. Hasil penelitian disajikan dengan teknik deskriptif analitik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bentuk-bentuk kearifan lokal yang dimiliki masyarakat suku mentawai terdapat pada pengetahuan tentang lingkungan hidup dan pengobatan, teknologi/peralatan seperti transportasi dan peralatan berburu serta hunian yang disebut dengan umma, kepercayaan, budaya, adat istiadat dan produk kreatif. Keseluruhan bentuk kearifan lokal tersebut digunakan oleh masyarakat suku Mentawai untuk menjalankan kehidupan sehari-harinya.Kata Kunci: pengetahuan, kepercayaan, budaya, umma, berburu
Implementation of supply chain management concepts is needed to meet consumer demand for agricultural products which include overall management of production, distribution and marketing processes that can be measured through the measurement of supply chain performance. Supply chain performance is the integration of supply chain activities, to enhance relationships to gain competitive advantage. Cocoa commodity is one of the leading commodities in West Sumatera, and Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota is one of the locus of cocoa agroindustry. This study aimed to determine the supply chain system of cocoa agroindustry in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota in terms of material, information and financial flow of each involved actors, and to measure how the performance of the cocoa agro-industry supply chain in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. The study used a questionnaire through the SCOR (Supply Chain Operation Reference) method with reliability, responsiveness, agility, cost and asset management attributes. The result of the research showed that in cocoa agro-industry supply chain there was a material flow of cocoa from farmer to cocoa processing agroindustry "Chokato", then processed cocoa products were sold to consumers (end consumers or consumers of IKM processing cocoa products). The information flow among actors included the quantity and price of cocoa that can be supplied and the quantity and price of processed cocoa products produced by cocoa processing agroindustry. In the financial flow, the value of purchases and sales value of magnitude were in line with the amount of material flow that exists between the actors in the supply chain system of cocoa agro-industry. The result of supply chain performance measurement was obtained that the highest importance level was at cost attribute equal to 4,84 in 1-5 scale meaning that in the supply chain of cocoa agrondustry was very important to the ability of supply chain entity in fulfillment of cost related to supply chain process, which will determine efficiency in product supply.
Kopi adalah komoditas yang permintaannya terus dilirik pasar. Kondisi ini seiring dengan meningkatnya konsumsi masyarakat kopi di dunia termasuk Indonesia. Permintaan yang terus meningkat tersebut, perlu didukung oleh ketersediaan produk untuk memenuhi pasar. Sumatera Barat adalah daerah penghasil kopi yang terus melakukan pengembangan untuk meningkatkan produksi kopi. Kopi menjadi komoditi perkebunan yang berkontribusi terhadap perekonomian Sumatera Barat. Tujuan tulisan ini untuk mendeskripsikan perkembangan kopi Sumatera Barat dan menganalisis tantangan agribisnis yang dihadapi untuk pengembangan komoditi tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan desk study dengan deskriptif kualitatif data sekunder dan kajian literature review penelitian terdahulu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan selama kurun waktu 15 tahun (2005-2019) perkembangan produktivitas kopi di Sumatera Barat belum menunjukkan adanya peningkatan. Tantangan pengembangan agribisnis kopi terkait dengan semua aspek subsistem pada agribisnis dari hulu hingga hilir (mulai dari input produksi, aspek petani dalam kegiatan produksi dan pengolahan, pemasaran serta lembaga penunjang dan kebijakan). Untuk bisa menjadikan kopi sebagai komoditas unggulan di Sumatera Barat, maka perlu sinkronisasi dan peran pemerintah dalam membuat kebijakan berkelanjutan dalam konsep agribisnis.
Most of the farmers are smallholders and they are economically weak and lack of capacity building. According to BPS, in 2013 the smallholders, i.e., who hold land area less than 0.5 hectare, are 14,25 million households or 55,3 percent of 26 million farmers' households. It is necessary to develop the agricultural human resource. Objective of this research was to analyze the factors affecting capacities of agricultural extension workers (PPL) and farmers group in developing participatory social interaction between both parties. The research was conducted in Merangin and Kerinci Regencies, Jambi Province. There were 180 samples consisting of 36 persons of PPL and 144 farmers. The qualitative data was analyzed using a descriptive-inductive approach and the next was a quantitative analysis using a PLS programme (Partial Least Square). The results showed that the participatory interaction was determined by PPL's capacity and farmers group's capacity. Farmers group's capacity influence was higher than that of PPL. Low PPL's capacity leads to lack of participatory agricultural extension achievement.
The average productivity of rubber smallholder in Banyuasin Regency is 0,89 ton/ha lower than its potential productivity 1,5 ton/ha. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting rubber productivity, the level of technical efficiency and factors affecting technical inefficiency in rubber plantation at several group of plant age. The research used purposive sampling which obtained 60 samples of farmers as respondent and was conducted in Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera Province from April to June 2020. Data were analyzed using stochastic frontier Cobb Douglas analysis. The results showed that factors affecting rubber productivity were TSP, Fungicide, Herbicide, labour, numbers of plant (tree), plant age and clone. The level of rubber smallholder technical efficiency showed the various amount from 0.50 to 0.97 with average level 0.87. The highest average level of rubber smallholder technical efficiency was found at group of plant age 6-15 with TE 0.91. Factors affecting technical inefficiency were farmer’s education, training and farmers status. Keywords: Productivity, technical efficiency, rubber, stochastic frontier
Pendugaan parameter model regresi linier pada analisis regresi linier, biasanyadilakukan dengan metode penduga OLS. Penduga OLS harus memenuhi asumsi-asumsistatistik yang disebut dengan asumsi klasik. Jika asumsi tidak dipenuhi, maka akanmenghasilkan kesimpulan yang tidak valid sehingga penduga OLS tidak bisa digunakanlagi dalam melakukan pendugaan parameter. Oleh karena itu diperlukan metode pendugaan lain untuk memperoleh hasil yang valid yaitu penduga GLS. Pelanggaran asumsidiantaranya terdapat autokorelasi pada galat model dan regresor bersifat stokastik.Adanya autokorelasi dengan regresor bersifat stokastik dilihat melalui simulasi MonteCarlo dengan ukuran sampel, koefisien autokorelasi dan ulangan yang bervariasi. Selainitu, pendugaan parameter juga dievaluasi melalui beberapa kriteria yaitu nilai AbsolutBias, Varian dan MSE. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa semakin bertambahnya ukuran sampel mengakibatkan kriteria penduga parameter semakin kecil. Sementara itu,ulangan yang tinggi yang dilakukan pada simulasi ini tidak mempengaruhi kriteria penduga parameter. Pada pendugaan parameter model untuk semua penduga, penduga GLSlebih efisien dan stabil dibanding dengan penduga OLS kecuali untuk koefisen autokorelasi −0.5 ≤ ρ ≤ −0.25 dan ρ = 0.5 pada βb1 , dan ρ = −0.25 pada βb2.
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