This study proposes a model based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) for the integrated expansion planning of generation and transmission systems with the implementation of distributed generation (DG). Most DG planning takes place after generation and transmission planning has been conducted. This model can be used to include DG potential simultaneously with generation and transmission expansion. DG is modelled as a negative load therefore DG is treated as a non-dispatchable unit of power generation. The objective of the model is to minimize overall cost including the investment cost of the generation units, DG units, and transmission lines, and the operating cost of the generation and DG units. The proposed model is staticdeterministic model in the form of MILP. The model was evaluated using the 6-bus Garver's test. To prove the effectiveness of the model, it was evaluated using the IEEE 46 Bus Test. The results show that due to the impact of DG on power system expansion planning ,the overall cost was reduced. The simulation results also show that a different optimal network configuration can be achieved by DG implementation in expansion planning.
State Finance Building of Yogyakarta is a community service that is included in the types of buildings that consume considerable electric energy so that often led to the power outage unexpectedly due to excessive use of electricity. This excessive use of electricity has also contributed to bill accounts for electricity from PLN, which each month up to hundreds of millions of dollars. To that end, this research was undertaken that aims to be able to a device that most optimal configuration in the use of solar panels and could compare the SOLAR PV system between On-Grid and PLN in the aspect of cost and CO2 emissions. In knowing the potential of alternative energy sources, namely solar power connected to the PLN as the optimal power plant is carried out employing researching the form of knowing the intensity of the solar radiation data, data in the form of electric power load is active for 24 hours, and data rates time of outside peak load and time of peak load from PLN for State Finance Building Of Yogyakarta. Later, she did the simulation using software to help homer modeling from the use of the most optimal solar panel. The research results obtained that the potential SOLAR PV system that is connected with the grid PLN unfit to be carried out because of the cost of the initial investment to expenses during the period of operation of the system, including the high value of the NPC of $970,742. However, the potential of the power plant that is appropriate for the conditions on-site research solar power plant was connected to the grid PLN power plant configuration that is optimized for without using batteries, use the only PV with a capacity of 91.35 kW, the converter with a capacity of 400 kW, and power grid network of PLN the system transmitted to SOLAR PV On-Grid of 552 kW.
The final energy demand and energy-related CO2 emission in industrial sector of Yogyakarta Province were analyzed in this study. The potential of energy saving and reduction of CO2 emission were estimated. The analysis was based on energy model. The model was constructed by LEAP model that describe the pattern of energy demand in industrial sector. Energy modeling and scenario analysis were used to simulate the impacts of various policies in energy demand and CO2 emission. Three scenarios were implemented in the model. Initially, the model was developed under business as usual (BAU) scenario that include current situation of energy-related activity in industrial sector. 2008 was selected as base year with projection period was terminated in 2025. Then, two alternative scenarios were developed that focus on energy efficiency improvement (EE scenario) and fuel switching to cleaner fuel (FS scenario). The two alternative scenarios were integrated into mitigation scenario. The result of alternative and mitigation scenario compare to BAU scenario in term of the final energy demand and energy-related CO2 emission. The result of the model showed the potential of energy saving by implementing mitigation scenario is 24.16% compare to BAU scenario. The expected reduction of CO2 emission under mitigation scenario is 20.22% compare to BAU scenario.
Growth in electric energy demand, domination of use of fossil fuels, and waste problems are fundamental to this research. The purpose of this research is to find out the electrical energy potential of the Putri Cempo Landfill waste, Surakarta. The potential of electrical energy is designed for waste power plant (WPP). Penetration of WPP as a Distributed Generation (DG) to the 20 kV electrical distribution network is analyzed to determine its effect on the growth of demand for electricity, power flow, and the index of the (SAIFI and SAIDI). This research applies the technology Sanitary Landfill to produce landfill gas (LFG) as the primary energy of WPP. In calculating the growth predictions of electricity usage in the industrial, household, public, and commercial sectors from 2017 to 2025 in APJ Surakarta, the DKL Method 3.01 is applied. ETAP 12.6 was applied to analyze the power flow in the form of power losses and voltage losses and the Section method to calculate the reliability index (SAIFI, SAIDI) before and after penetration of WPP in PLR 01 and GDO 04 of Manahan Substation, Surakarta. The results showed that Trash from 5 Regencies and Cities, WPP was able to generate a maximum power of 10.1 MW. During peak load, WPP is able to reduce electricity demand of Substation for 0.
Masjid sebagai tempat ibadah umat Islam memiliki peran dan fungsi lain seperti pusat dakwah serta pusat kaderisasi umat. Dikarenakan sifat penularan COVID-19 agresif, maka selama pandemi penggunaan masjid dibatasi dengan tujuan mengurangi resiko terkena wabah terutama pada jamaah yang menggunakan masjid. Muhammadiyah mengeluarkan panduan Peribadatan Jamaah Dalam Masa Pandemi COVID-19, yang didalamnya juga menyarankan screening pada jamaah masjid. Sebagai salah satu upaya menekan penyebaran virus COVID-19 maka fokus program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah implementasi Contactless Thermometer pada tiga masjid di wilayah kerja ranting Muhammadiyah Sidorejo, Lendah, Kulon Progo. Metode yang diterapkan pada program pengabdian masyarakat ini meliputi pengadaan termometer non-kontak, pembuatan panduan penggunaan alat dan demonstrasi alat pada lokasi sasaran pengabdian masyarakat. Metode evaluasi atau pengukuran ketercapaian dilakukan dengan umpan balik langsung dari sasaran pengabdian masyarakat terhadap mengenai tanggapan terhadap pelaksanaan program pengabdian masyarakat yang telah dilakukan. Hasil yang dicapai adalah implementasi termometer non-kontak telah berhasil diaplikasikan pada tiga masjid. Implementasi termometer non-kontak pada masjid adalah salah satu upaya penerapan protokol kesehatan di masa pandemi dan diharapkan dapat menekan penyebaran penyakit COVID-19.
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