Background: Abnormal secretion of incretins, particularly Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and oxyntomodulin (OXM), have been observed in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCOS. OXM plays a crucial role in metabolism, including reducing food intake and improving insulin secretion to decrease liver fat accumulation. Metformin, an insulin-sensitizing hypoglycemic drug, is widely used in the PCOS treatment. However, the impact of metformin on circulating OXM levels remais unknown, and this study aims to investigate it. Design: This study presents a secondary analysis of a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Methods: Forty-five patients with PCOS were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups: one received metformin (n=21), and other received placebo (n=24). The study aimed to evaluate the levels of follistatin and oxyntomodulin before and after metformin tretament (1500mg/day). Blood levels of oxyntomodulin and follistatin were assessed by ELISA tests. Results: At the end of the study, 20 patients were evaluated, including 5 (25%) from the metformin group and 15 (75%) from the placebo group. There was no significant difference in the variation of follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels between the metformin and placebo groups. However, a significant difference in follistatin levels was observed among participants with hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotypes. There was no significant difference in oxyntomodulin levels in different phenotypes. Conclusion: Treatment with metformin for 60 days did not have a impact on follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels. However, a significant difference was found in follistatin values between participants with hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotypes. Trial registration: Brazilian Registration Platform for Clinical Studies - REBEC -ID RBR-47tvky – Date of fist registration: 04/07/2017/ Brazilian Health Ministry- ID 17127713.2.0000.5149.
Background: An abnormal secretion of incretins, specially Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and oxyntomodulin (OXM), have been described in subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCOS. OXM has important actions in the metabolism including the ability to reduce food intake and improve insulin secretion reducing the liver fat accumulation. Metformin is an insulin-sensitizing hypoglycemic drug and is widely used in the treatment of PCOS. Whether treatment with metformin may affect circulating levels of OXM is not known and is the subject of this study. Design: a secondary analysis, randomized double-blind clinical trial. Methods: Forty-five patients with PCOS were recruited, divided into one group that received metformin (n=21) and one group who received placebo (n=24) to evaluate the levels of follistatin and oxyntomodulin before and after the use of metformin (1500mg/day). Blood levels of oxyntomodulin and follistatin were evaluated by ELISA tests. Results: At the end of the study, 20 patients were evaluated, 5 (25%) from the group using metformin and 15 (75%) from the placebo group. There was no significant difference in the variation in follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels between the metformin and placebo groups. There was a significant difference in follistatin levels among participants with hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotype. There was no significant difference in oxyntomodulin levels in the different phenotypes. Conclusion: The use of metformin for 60 days did not alter follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels, and there was a significant difference between the follistatin values in hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotypes. Trial registration: Brazilian Registration Platform for Clinical Studies - REBEC -ID RBR-47tvky / Brazilian Health Ministry- ID 17127713.2.0000.5149.
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