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Background: Central obesity or increased intra-abdominal fat is associated with a statistically higher risk of heart disease, hypertension, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus type 2.Objective: This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effectiveness of tripollar radiofrequency lipolysis (RF), ultrasound (US) cavitation and their combination on abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and waist circumference (WC) in patients with abdominal adiposity.Subjects: Thirty subjects suffering from localized fat deposits at the abdominal area with age ranged from 25-50 years old, BMI more than 30 kg/m 2 assigned randomly into three equal groups: Group (A) consisted of 10 subjects with mean age and BMI were 38.7±6.63 years and 33.55±1.31 kg/m 2 respectively. Group (B) consisted of 10 subjects with mean age and BMI were 34.3±7.76 years and 33.57±1.57kg/m 2 respectively. Group (C) consisted of 10 subjects with mean age and BMI were 34.3±7.76 years and 32.99±3.73 kg/m 2 respectively.Methods: Group (A) received US cavitation (AC 220 Volt. 40 KHz) twice weekly for 10 sessions. Group (B) received tripollar RF (AC 220 Volt .1MHZ. 50 Watts) twice weekly for 10 sessions. Group (C) received combination therapy (both tripollar RF and US cavitation) twice weekly for 10 sessions. Subjects in all groups were assessed using ultrasonography and tape measurement before treatment then after treatment after 10 sessions to measure subcutaneous fat thickness and WC.Results: Showed that there was statistical significant difference between pre and post treatment within each group (A, B and C) for abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and WC. But there was a non-statistical significant difference between group A and group C; also, there was no statistical significant difference between group A and group B, while, there was a statistical significant difference between group B and group C in management of abdominal adiposity.Conclusion: Ultrasound cavitation, tripollar RF and their combination were effective methods for management of abdominal adiposity, but combination therapy were the most effective.

Background: Obesity is becoming increasingly common in the general population and is associated with several other conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Abnormal blood lipids have been firmly established as a modifiable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. However, medical practice in the area of lipid management is highly variable and has not been aggressively pursued for large number of patients that may be at risk. Purpose: This study aimed to find out the effectiveness of electro acupuncture versus low level laser therapy on lipid profile in obesity. Methods: Forty five patients including both male and female with mean age 39.93±3.47 and BMI 37.98±1.24 were enrolled in the study and divided randomly in to three groups. Group A had received LLLT (632.8nm-16J/cm

Background: Peripheral neuropathy is a common complaint of diabetes, leading to pain and reduced motor nerve conduction velocity. Clinical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy are present in approximately 25% of diabetic individuals, while nearly all diabetics have a reduction of nerve conduction velocity. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) versus pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on pain intensity and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) in patients with diabetic neuropathy. Methods: Thirty patientswith type II diabetes suffering from diabetic peripheral neuropathy, participated in this study for 4 weeks (3 sessions/week), and were chosen randomly from the diabetes and endocrine institution.Patients were randomized equally into two groups: Group A (LLLT group): received LLLT for lower extremities for 12 sessions at a frequency of 3 sessions/week. Group B (PEMF): received pulsed electromagnetic field for 12 sessions at a frequency of 3 sessions/week. Results: At the end of the study; there was non-significant difference between two groups post-study in pain level where P-values was (0.606). There were no significant differences between two groups in amplitude, distal latency and MNCV of RT side post-study, where P-values were (0.082), (0.911) and (0.342) respectively. There were no significant differences between two groups in amplitude, distal latency and MNCV of LT side post-study, where P-values were (0.265), (0.550) and (0.334) respectively. Conclusions: The study findings indicate that both LLLT andPEMF could be effective therapeutic modalities in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy in that they are able to modify pain, and some electrophysiological parameters of peripheral nerve function.

IntroductionBronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. Interleukin 18 (IL-18) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can influence IL-18 production and activity. IL-18-607C/A and -137 C/G are two of the commonly studied SNPs of IL-18 due to their role in the etiopathogenesis of allergic diseases.Aim of the studyThe case control study was conducted to investigate the genetic association between IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and pediatric asthma. Also attempts were made to evaluate the prognostic effect of -607C/A SNP with disease severity and total serum IgE.Material and methodsThe case control study was conducted on 60 asthmatic children and 40 healthy subjects; aged 2 to 12 years. PCR-RFLP was used to detect IL-18-607C/A SNP and total serum IgE level was detected using ELISA technique.ResultsRegarding IL-18-607C/A SNP, the frequency of the A allele and CA genotype was significantly higher in asthmatic children compared to healthy control subjects (p < 0.001). Further on, asthmatic children carrying the AA/AC genotype of -607C/A SNP were associated with an increased risk of occurrence of asthma (OR = 6.417; CI = 2.432-17.289). IgE was higher in asthmatic patients carrying the heterozygous CA genotype compared to patients carrying the AA and CC genotypes (p = 0.054).ConclusionThe frequency of the heterozygous CA genotype and A allele in IL-18-607C/A SNP was higher in asthmatic children. There is no association between the severity of asthma and -607C/A SNP. Total IgE was higher in patients carrying the CA genotypes compared to patients carrying the AA and CC genotypes, respectively.

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Background The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most challenging public health issues. The destruction of insulin-producing cells in the islets of Langerhans is the hallmark of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) as an autoimmune disease. In the current case–control study, the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was investigated within the programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitory axis and their association with T1DM susceptibility in a sample of Egyptian pediatric patients. The study included 80 T1DM pediatric patients and 76 healthy control subjects. The patients were recruited from Beni-Suef University Hospital’s Pediatric Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic. Genotyping of PD-1 SNP (rs 34819629) and PD-L1 SNPs (rs 2297137 and rs 4143815) was performed by TaqMan allelic discrimination technique via real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The patients were subjected to a thorough clinical examination and history taking. Result Genotyping of PD-1 (rs 34819629) revealed that all of the enrolled patients and the control group inherited the same genotype (GG genotype). With regard to PDL-1 rs4143815 SNP and the risk of T1DM occurrence, our comparison did not reveal the presence of an association between the different genetic models (general, dominant, and recessive) of the SNP and the risk of T1DM (p = 0.078 and p = 0.055; for the general genetic model, p = 0.061 and p = 0.169 for the dominant and the recessive types, respectively). Regarding PDL-1 rs2297137 SNP, the results of this study demonstrated that the risk of T1DM was significantly associated with the recessive genetic model (p = 0.007) as the diabetic group’s predominant G allele was higher compared to the control group. Conclusion The findings obtained supported the hypothesis that the predominant G allele of PD-L1 rs2297137 is associated with the development of T1DM. Chronic hyperglycemia and long-standing diabetes problems are linked to both PD-L1 SNPs (rs4143815 and rs2297137). Future studies with a more significant number of patients are required to support our results.