Relevance of the research topic. There is a relationship between dental status of a pregnant woman and time of gestation. It is known that oral condition is changing depending on the trimester of pregnancy.Purpose. The aim of the research was to study and compare the clinical condition of oral cavity in this group of patients, depending on the gestation period.Methods and materials. For this purpose 110 pregnant women with diabetes mellitus were examined with using basic and additional examination methods.Results. Pregnant women in 2 gestation period have the worst condition of oral cavity.Summary. Analysis of results of the study allows us to determine the most critical phase during pregnancy and in future to promote normalization of oral cavity precisely in this period.
Relevance. Inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD) on the background of microangiopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered one of the main complications. Reduced resistance of periodontal tissues and trophic disorders due to changes in capillary walls leads to development of inflammatory processes with the destruction of gingival joint. The presence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis requires not only conservative periodontal therapy by a dentist, but also constant maintenance therapy, which consists in the ability of patient to maintain satisfactory oral hygiene and the use of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of using toothpastes with anti-inflammatory components among pa-tients with chronic generalized periodontitis and type 1 diabetes after professional oral hygiene complex.Materials and methods. The examination of 60 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and chronic generalized periodontitis at the age of 20 to 50 years was conducted. All patients underwent a questionnaire on the presence of complaints about state of the oral cavity and a comprehensive dental examination with definition of basic dental indices. Then, a complex of professional oral hygiene with individual hygiene training was carried out. Patients were divided into groups depending on the prescribed paste with anti-inflammatory components. Repeated examination was carried out after 1 month.Results. In 1 month after conservative therapy was carried out, improvement of all indexes in all groups, improvement of the acid-base state of the oral fluid was found. Patients themselves noted a better way change in state of oral cavity tissues. The best dynamics after treatment complex was observed in the 1st group.Conclusion. Hygienic and periodontal condition of the oral cavity among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 was initially at a rather low level. It has been revealed that complex of professional oral hygiene and prescription of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste improve periodontal status of patients with diabetes.
1 гБОУ вПО «Первый санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. и.П. Павлова» Минздрава рФ, санкт-Петербург; 2 ФгБнУ «нии акушерства, гинекологии и репродуктологии им. д.О. Отта», санкт-Петербург; 3 ФгБОУ вО «санкт-Петербургский государственный университет», санкт-Петербург Поступила в редакцию: 01.11.2016 Принята к печати: 05.12.2016 ■ Актуальность. в литературе большое внимание уделяется связи заболеваний ротовой полости у беремен-ных женщин с сахарным диабетом. доказано, что частота кариозного процесса и воспалительных заболеваний пародонта (гингивит и пародонтит) значительно возрастает во время беременности, а наличие сопутствующей патологии, в частности сахарного диабета, является дополнительным неблагоприятным фактором. Цель. Целью работы явилось изучение и сравнение стоматологического статуса беременных женщин при различных типах сахарного диабета с использованием основных и дополнительных клинических методов исследования, а также метода жидкостной цитологии. Материалы и методы. Обследованы женщины с гестационным сахарным диа-бетом, сахарным диабетом 1-го типа, сахарным диабетом 2-го типа и контрольная группа беременных женщин без сахарного диабета. Помимо клинических методов исследования, было произведено цитологическое иссле-дование содержимого зубодесневой борозды методом жидкостной цитологии. Результаты. результаты клини-ческих и лабораторных исследований показали, что воспалительные заболевания пародонта и твeрдых тканей зубов у беременных женщин с сахарным диабетом встречаются чаще, чем у беременных без данной патологии. наибольшая частота встречаемости и тяжесть данных заболеваний отмечается у беременных женщин с сахар-ным диабетом 1-го типа. Заключение. Беременные женщины с сахарным диабетом являются группой риска по воспалительным заболеваниям полости рта и требуют большего внимания со стороны врачей-стоматологов, эндокринологов и акушеров-гинекологов. Применение метода жидкостной цитологии может быть использовано в комплексной оценке воспалительных заболеваний пародонта.■ Ключевые слова: полость рта; беременность; сахарный диабет; воспалительные заболевания пародонта; жидкостная цитология. ■ Introduction. More and more researches dedicated to the communication of diseases of the oral cavity of pregnant women with diabetes. It is proved that the intensity of caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) increase significantly during pregnancy, while the presence of comorbidities, such as diabetes, increase these indexes. Aim. The aim of the work was to study the dental status of pregnant women with diabetes. Materials and me thods. The study compared women with gestational diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes, to a control group of pregnant women without diabetes. In addition to clinical research methods, liquid-based cytology of the contents of the gingival sulcus was performed. Results. The results of clinical and laboratory studies have shown that inflammatory diseases of periodontium and teeth within pregnant women with d...
Relevance: the presence of somatic disease is often the main and aggravating factor in development of chronic generalized periodontitis. Treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases begins with mechanical removal of dental calculus and biofilm on a surface of the teeth. For this purpose along with traditional manual tools are applied sonic ultrasonic, and vibrascalers. Atraumatic and high efficiency of professional oral hygiene complex are extremely important for the treatment of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes. Purpose – to study the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene with use of the Vector apparatus in patients with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods: this article presents study results of the effectiveness of the Vector ultrasound device use as part of therapeutic and preventive measures complex among 3 patients in different ages with generalized periodontitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We conducted a dental and X-ray examination and microbiological analysis of periodontal space contents. All patients underwent professional oral hygiene and Vector-therapy. Results were evaluated after 1 month. Results: using the example of 3 clinical cases, the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene complex was presented. After 4 weeks there were observed the reduction of patients complaints for bleeding gums when brushing teeth, improving hygienic and periodontal indices, reducing the composition and number of periodontal pathogens. Conclusion: treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases using the Vector system is recommended as an early prevention of the development of a more severe periodontitis, as well as the most benign and minimally invasive treatment for periodontal diseases due to its high effectiveness.
Relevance. The onset of periodontal pathogen resistance to systemic antibiotics revealed a new direction in periodontics. The characteristics of local drug delivery systems allow for a prolonged impact on periodontal pocket microbiota.Materials and methods. The non-interventional study was carried out by an analytical review of Russian and international scientific publications of independent clinical and laboratory research databases PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and eLIBRARY.RU for the last decade. The search was performed using the keywords: "periochip", "periodontal treatment", "the matrix", "tissue engineering", and "bioactive cryogels". The review included randomized controlled studies, controlled clinical trials, prospective and retrospective comparative cohort studies of drug delivery systems and systematic reviews.Results. In contrast to systemic drug administration, biodegradable local drug delivery systems provide long-lasting and effective treatment at the lesion site at much lower doses and in a shorter period of time. The prolonged drug activity time combined with non-surgical treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases results in faster soft tissue regeneration. Gels, foams, fibres, bioactive cryogels, micro- and nanoparticles, and chips may be biodegradable matrices for the extended-release drug delivery system. The basic polymer for all these forms can be of natural origin (proteins, collagen), semi-synthetic (cellulose derivatives) or synthetic.Conclusion. Films, chips and bioactive cryogel are nowadays more common forms. Due to its unique structure, the bioactive drug cryogel can serve as a controlled and multifunctional system for drug delivery to the periodontal tissues, which determines its importance in periodontics and high interest f or further research.
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