The introduction of exotic species aiming at the biological control of established pests rises concern on its efficiency and also on its impact on native species. Pre-release evaluation of the parasitoid complex is important because the releases initiate a continuous and irreversible colonization process. Surveys of native fruit fly parasitoids were conducted in the region of the Recôncavo Baiano, in Conceição do Almeida, BA, Brazil. Surveys were undertaken before and after the release of the exotic braconid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead). Pre-release survey showed that the following species were present in the study area: Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck), Opius spp., Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) and Aganaspis pelleranoi (Brèthes). Following D. longicaudata releases, the same species were obtained. Despite of interspecific competition for oviposition sites, no biodiversity losses were observed. Notwithstanding, an alteration in the relative frequencies of native species was observed. The exotic parasitoid was recovered from infested fruits of carambola, guava and Spondia sp. 17 months after the releases ceased. Nevertheless, in 2004 and 2005, no individuals of D. longicaudata were recovered from infested fruit samples collected in the same locality of release.
Neotropical Entomology 34(4): 613-618 (2005) Diapausa em Parasitóides de Moscas-das-Frutas no Recôncavo Baiano RESUMO -A diapausa tem sido pouco estudada em moscas-das-frutas e seus parasitóides em regiões de clima tropical. Este trabalho é o primeiro registro da diapausa em parasitóides de larva-pupa de tefritídeos no Recôncavo Baiano. A diapausa foi observada em quatro espécies nativas [Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti)
Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar diversidade de espécies de mosca-das-frutas e de parasitóides nativos em frutos de umbu-cajá (Spondias spp.). Os frutos foram coletados em nove municípios do Estado da Bahia. Estimaram-se: a infestação dos frutos pelas moscas; o índice de parasitismo das moscas; e a frequência de ocorrência das espécies de parasitóides. Pela primeira vez, a infestação de Anastrepha obliqua em frutos de umbu-cajá e a presença do parasitóide Asobara anastrephae em larvas de Anastrepha obliqua foram registradas. O parasitoide nativo Doryctobracon areolatus foi o mais frequente. A umbu-cajazeira é repositório natural de parasitoides de tefritídeos, e sua preservação é fundamental para a manutenção das relações tróficas entre as espécies de mosca-das-frutas e parasitoides.Termos para indexação: Spondias, Tephritidae, controle biológico natural, diversidade, relações tróficas.
Umbu-cajá as natural repository of native fruit fly parasitoidsAbstract -The objective of this work was to assess the species diversity of fruit fly and their parasitoids in fruit of umbu-cajá (Spondias spp.). Fruit were collected in nine municipalities of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Fruit infestation, fruit fly parasitism rates, and frequencies of the parasitoid species were estimated. For the first time, Anastrepha obliqua infesting umbu-cajá fruit and the presence of the native parasitoid Asobara anastrephae in Anastrepha oblique larvae were recorded. The native parasitoid Doryctobracon areolatus was the most frequent. Umbu-cajá tree is a natural repository of Tephritidae parasitoids, and its preservation is essential for the maintenance of trophic relationships between fruit fly species and parasitoids.
Relações interespecíficas entre parasitoides nativos de moscas-das-frutas e o braconídeo exótico Diachasmimorpha longicaudata em frutos de 'umbu-cajá'Interespecific relations between native parasitoids of fruit flies and exotic braconid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata in fruits of 'umbu-cajá'
INTRODUÇÃOO parasitoide exótico Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), sinonímia (Opius longicaudatus Ashmead e Biosteres longicaudatus Ashmead), é um endoparasitoide originário da região indo-australiana e está entre as cinco espécies de braconídeos da subfamília Opiinae, de importância na regulação das populações de moscasdas-frutas, parasitando preferencialmente larvas de 2 o e 3 o estádio (PURCELL et al., 1994
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