Transmission systems are an essential link between the producers and consumers of electric power in the United States and other countries. As one means of achieving a greater level of competition in the U.S. electric Power supply, Congress passed the Energy Policy Act of 1992 that grants increased transmission access to all utilities and many non-utility generators. The many issues associated with this increased access have been discussed previously by the IEEE Task Force on Transmission Access [I]; the task force also has produced a comprehensive bibliography of work related to these issues [2]. Because of this increased access to transmission facilities by non-owners, there is a growing need to identify the direct and indirect costs of transmission services h order to control these costs and price unbundled transmission services appropriately. In recognition of this fact, the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) undertook Research Project RP3216-1, entitled "Development of a Comprehensive Framework for Analyzing Transmission Services and Evaluating Their Costs." The full results of this research are presented in a two-volume EPRP report [3].This gaper describes the transmission costing framework and three applications of the framework to analyzing transmission costing issues. The framework proceeds in three steps: (1) define transmission services; (2) identify transmission service costs; and (3) calculate transmission costs. Following a detailed description of each of these steps, the paper discusses how the Framework might be applied to three broad issue areas including: 96 WM 332-7 PWRS A paper recommended and approved by the IEEE Power System Engineering
Vol. 45 of ethylene. The more nearly normal character of the reaction at the higher temperatures is believed to be due to the fact that under these circumstances the reacting gases are not measurably adsorbed by the catalyst. The temperature coefficient is much smaller at the higher temperature and is decreasing. By taking into account the decrease of adsorption with rise in temperature as well as the normal increase in velocity of the surface reaction, these facts have been accounted for qualitatively.
University, Virginia
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.