This study aimed at developing a Balinese culturebased textbook for intermediate level BIPA (Indonesian Language for Non-native Speakers). The research method applied in this study was Gall and Borg Research and Development Method. The steps already conducted were 1) need analysis, by distributing questionnaires to alumni of BIPA course beginner level and conducting FGD with all BIPA instructors to agree on the language and cultural contents of the book and the presentation of the book, as well as carrying out literature review to decide the language content of the book, 2) product design, by designing the guideline for the textbook development, 3) product development, by developing the textbook based on the guideline. The book developed consists of the following 11 topics: Teman Baru, Kuliah di Bali, Pasar Tradisional dan Modern, Hobi, Jalanjalan, Makanan dan Minuman Lokal, Tempat Tinggal (Kos di Bali), Tempat Umum, Budaya Tradisional, Hari-hari Besar, Transportasi.
National, local, and international language contestation in Bali has been the government’s concern. The national language policy places Indonesian in the most prominent position, and the local regulation allegedly focuses on the Balinese salience. While most linguistic landscape (LL) research in Bali is conducted on physical LL, few have been conducted on the virtual linguistic landscape (VLL) setting. This study shows the language contestation of Indonesian, Balinese, and foreign languages on the official website of the government of Bali province. Furthermore, the analysis was based on the language contestation point of view and Bakhtinian’s centripetal and centrifugal forces. The results showed that the Indonesian language is the most dominant. Additionally, the Balinese language functions to convey Bali’s identity, and foreign languages play an important role in informational functions for viewers. The Indonesian language represents the centripetal force of centralization, and the existence of Balinese and foreign languages shows the centrifugal force indexes the decentralization efforts.
Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan fitur-fitur nonverbal penutur asli dan penutur asing dalam public speaking. Perbedaan budaya antara kedua kelompok penutur tersebut menimbulkan perbedaan penggunaan fitur nonverbal dalam public speaking. Desain penelitian ini adalah desain deskriptif kualitatif dengan 10 subjek. 5 subjek adalah video penutur asli Bahasa Inggris dan 5 video subjek yang lain adalah video mahasiswa Jurusan D III Bahasa Inggris Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. Penutur asli menunjukkan gerakan nonverbal yang jauh lebih variatif dari penutur asing Bahasa Inggris. Penutur asli memiliki gerakan-gerakan spesifik yang mengacu pada makna yang spesifik juga. Di lain pihak, penutur asing menunjukkan gerakan nonverbal yang bersifat umum tanpa rujukan pasti pada maksud yang spesifik. Fitur nonverbal yang dicermati dikelompokkan pada gerakan kepala, gerakan badan, dan kontak mata. Kata kunci: perbandingan, nonverbal, public speaking Abstract The purpose of this research is to compare the nonverbal features of the native speakers and the non-native speakers of English in public speaking. Cultural differences between the two groups make significant differences on using the nonverbal features in public speaking. The design of this research was a descriptive-qualitative design with 10 subjects. 5 subjects were videos of 5 English native speakers and the other 5 subjects were the videos of 5 students of Diploma III English Department Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha. The native speakers showed more variative nonverbal movements compared to the non-native speakers. The native speakers made specific gestures which refered to certain specific meanings. On the other hand, the non-native speakers applied general nonverbal movements without specific referents. The investigated nonverbal features were grouped into head movements, body movements, and eye contacts. Keywords: comparison, nonverbal, public speaking
This paper reports research results on task-based needs analysis for English correspondence course in hotel context for vocational students in university level. A task-based analysis on the needs of the course was conducted to identify the real needs of English correspondence that hotel staffs conduct in performing their jobs, which included the tasks performed, the frequencies and degrees of the difficulty of the tasks. A questionnaire was distributed to the respondents who were hotel staff whose one of the job descriptions in their work places was performing correspondence. Data triangulation was carried out by conducting semi-structured interviews with a few staff. The results indicated that among the sixteen tasks listed, all were performed by the respondents in working. Among them, more than half of the respondents reported that answering inquiry emails, checking detailed information of guests, writing and sending confirmation email, writing memos and logbooks to teammates were done on daily basis. The results also indicated that some respondents reported that sending invoice, contract rate, reservations via WhatsApp or emails, writing memos and logbooks, handling complaints through emails and WhatsApp were difficult. The findings of this research would be able to provide a sound and valuable basis for the development of English Correspondence syllabus and materials, particularly the selection of topic/materials, and topics/materials that need to be given more time allotment, practices, and emphasis in the instructions.
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