Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br., Sterculiaceae) is an Indonesia indigenous plant widely used as a traditional remedy for various health complaints. This study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory and cytotoxicity potentials of Faloak bark by using in vitro techniques. Barks was extracted using water, ethanol and ethanol: water (1:1) separately. Colorimetric analysis was used for the determination of the total phenolic and the total flavonoid contents. Immunomodulator activities of the extracts were evaluated by studying their effects on mice macrophages and lymphocytes using in vitro methods, while the cytotoxicity potential was evaluated against Vero and HepG2 cell lines. The active extract was further fractionated and tested using different cell lines by the MTT method. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD tests, with a 95% confidence level (p<0.05). All extracts significantly increased the phagocytosis of macrophages compared to that of control in a concentrationdependent manner. However, all the extracts exhibited the Stimulation Index value of < 2, which indicated no effect on lymphocyte proliferation. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest activity against T47D, MCF7 and HepG2 cells with IC50 9.56; 7.62; 3.24 µg/mL and the Selectivity Index (against Vero cells) as follows, 2.01; 2.52; 5.94, respectively. Faloak bark extracts can stimulate macrophage phagocytosis activity in vitro, which positively correlates to the contents of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest activity, which supports its potency as cancer chemopreventive herbal medicine.
Finger-root (Curcuma rotunda) belongs to Zingiberaceae family, commonly used as a medicinal plant but has not been widely reported for its secondary metabolites and bioactivities. This study aims to isolate and characterize secondary metabolites contained in the semi-polar extract of C. rotunda rhizomes and evaluate its antibacterial activities. Simplicia of C. rotunda rhizomes was macerated using acetone, fractionated using vacuum liquid chromatography followed by radial chromatography, and purified using preparative thin layer chromatography to yield two isolated compounds. Based on FTIR and NMR spectroscopic data, two isolated compounds were elucidated as flavanone derivatives i.e. pinocembrin (1) and pinostrobin (2). Nevertheless, both of two isolated compounds did not show antibacterial activities toward Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas sp
This research aimed to acknowledge the cytotoxic effect of ethyl acetate extract fermented from Trichoderma reesei strain TV221 fungi associated with Stylissa flabelliformis sponge in various cell lines such as WiDr, T41, T47D, Raji, and Vero, as well as to discover the mechanism of cell's death. The result of fermented fungi T. reesei was extracted with ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was tested against cell lines using the MTT assay. The result of cytotoxic selectivity test with lowest IC50 price, then apoptosis test with double staining acridine orange-ethidium bromide method was performed Ethyl acetate extract fermented from T. reesei has cytotoxic ability against tumor cell lines (WiDr, T41, T47D, Raji) and is not toxic to normal cell lines (Vero). The test sample can spur apoptosis process on colon cancer cells Widr.
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