Objetivo: compreender as vivências de enfermeiros da Comissão Intra-Hospitalar de Doação de Órgãos e Tecidos para Transplante (CIHDOTT) em uma instituição hospitalar privada da Zona da Mata Mineira. Método: estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado com 11 enfermeiros, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada realizada entre julho e dezembro de 2017. A análise de conteúdo foi utilizada como referencial metodológico para o estudo dos depoimentos. Resultados: dos 11 participantes, 72% eram mulheres e 28% homens, com média de idade de 35 anos. Quanto à raça, oito se autodeclararam brancos e três, negros. O tempo de trabalho na comissão variou de dois meses a seis anos, com média de dois anos e sete meses. A partir da análise de conteúdo dos depoimentos, emergiram três categorias: o ser enfermeiro da comissão; abordagem familiar e treinamento e capacitação. Conclusão: o estudo demonstrou que a vivência na comissão é permeada por fragilidades e que a identificação delas propicia o desenvolvimento de estratégias para aprimoramento do processo nas instituições.
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the Active Teaching Model for Critical Thinking in a first aid course for undergraduate nursing students. Method: a clinical, randomized, single blind and parallel trial, conducted at the Federal University of Viçosa (Brazil) in November 2016 with 102 undergraduate nursing students divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, the Problem Based Learning methodology associated with the Active Teaching Model for Critical Thinking was used and, in the control group, only the Problem Based Learning methodology was employed to assess the difference in the average knowledge level of the groups, a test with 25 questions was applied before and after the educational intervention. To identify the effect of the measurement factors on the tests, the analysis of variance was used. Result: a significant interaction effect was observed (F1.100=11.138; p=0.001), indicating that the experimental group showed an improvement in the mean value of the grades between the pre- and post-test, with a high magnitude (d=1.10) Conclusion: the teaching model was effective, being demonstrated by the performance of the experimental group, which presented significantly higher results in terms of knowledge. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials, number U1111-1176-5343.
Objective to reflect on the Diffusion of Innovations Theory, as a theoretical-methodological framework for research studies on Nursing and Health. Method a reflective study, based on the principles and concepts of the Diffusion of Innovations Theory as a theoretical-methodological framework, and its applicability in studies on innovations in health. Results using the framework enables the conduction of studies encompassing qualitative, quantitative and mixed approaches, applicable for the identification of the need for innovation in the elaboration, design, implementation, evaluation and adjustment of the innovations. The diffusion process evaluation through the elements of innovation, time, social systems and communication channels enables apprehending contributing factors for the success of a given innovation. Conclusion the theoretical perspective herein presented offers conceptual grounds to apprehend the process corresponding to the diffusion of innovations in the health field, through sensitive models and evaluation and elaboration of diffusion processes suitable for various contexts.
IV infodemiologia, que emergiram em 2002 (4) . Ambos os termos foram referidos primeiramente por Gunther Eysenbach, pesquisador canadense que estuda política de saúde e informática de saúde. Investigações literárias e bibliográficas demonstram que termos como "dilúvio informacional", "explosão de informação" e "sobrecarga informativa" já eram empregados nas décadas de 40 e 60, respectivamente, para se referir ao excesso de informações e mensagens emitidas, e que, possivelmente, foram expressões conceituais que fomentaram os estudos de infodemiologia (5)(6)(7) .A infodemia pode agravar as consequências da pandemia por dificultar a obtenção de orientações confiáveis, pois nem sempre as fontes trabalham com evidências científicas. Além disso, não há um controle de qualidade do que é publicado devido à rápida difusão das informações. Soma-se ainda o protagonismo do indivíduo nas redes, que além de receptor, transformou-se em emissor de dados. Dessa forma, os conteúdos podem ser facilmente produzidos pelas pessoas e divulgados nos diversos meios e mídias (3) .O excesso de informações, muitas vezes, conflitantes, suscita o sentimento de dubiedade entre o que é "certo" ou "errado", ocasionando, assim, a desinformação. Com essa turbulência informacional as pessoas tendem a se sentir ansiosas, deprimidas, sobrecarregadas, emocionalmente exaustas e com medo do desconhecido e incerto (3) .É válido ressaltar ainda, que esse fenômeno pode dificultar a tomada de decisão por gestores e profissionais da saúde, principalmente quando não há tempo hábil para avaliar as evidências disponíveis e a veracidade das informações (8) .Atualmente, a infodemia está em voga nos diversos estudos centrais sobre o contexto pandêmico de covid-19, e tem impactado a produção científica em termos analíticos sobre os desdobramentos e consequências biopsicossociais. No entanto, o sentido atrelado a esse conceito data desde os primórdios da tipografia, quando o modelo de difusão das informações se alterou. É preciso considerar o recorte histórico e evolutivo acerca da compreensão do excesso informacional para entender e analisar a infodemia na atualidade. Dessa forma, o presente capítulo tem como objetivo apresentar uma investigação teórica-reflexiva sobre o recorte histórico e genealógico acerca do conceito de infodemia e seus impactos.
Background The COVID-19 pandemic received widespread media coverage due to its novelty, an early lack of data, and the rapid rise in deaths and cases. This excessive coverage created a secondary “infodemic” that was considered to be a serious public and mental health problem by the World Health Organization and the international scientific community. The infodemic particularly affected older individuals, specifically those who are vulnerable to misinformation due to political positions, low interpretive and critical analysis capacity, and limited technical-scientific knowledge. Thus, it is important to understand older people’s reaction to COVID-19 information disseminated by the media and the effect on their lives and mental health. Objective We aimed to describe the profile of exposure to COVID-19 information among older Brazilian individuals and the impact on their mental health, perceived stress, and the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Methods This cross-sectional, exploratory study surveyed 3307 older Brazilians via the web, social networks, and email between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed to estimate associations of interest. Results Major proportions of the 3307 participants were aged 60 to 64 years (n=1285, 38.9%), female (n=2250, 68.4%), and married (n=1835, 55.5%) and self-identified as White (n=2364, 71.5%). Only 295 (8.9%) had never started or completed a basic education. COVID-19 information was mainly accessed on television (n=2680, 81.1%) and social networks (n=1943, 58.8%). Television exposure was ≥3 hours in 1301 (39.3%) participants, social network use was 2 to 5 hours in 1084 (32.8%) participants, and radio exposure was ≥1 hour in 1223 (37%) participants. Frequency of exposure to social networks was significantly associated with perceived stress (P=.04) and GAD (P=.01). A Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significantly different perceived stress in participants who were exposed to social networks for 1 hour (P=.04) and those who had no exposure (P=.04). A crude linear regression showed that “some” social media use (P=.02) and 1 hour of exposure to social media (P<.001) were associated with perceived stress. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables revealed no associations with this outcome variable. In a crude logistic regression, some social media use (P<.001) and 2 to 5 hours of exposure to social media (P=.03) were associated with GAD. Adjusting for the indicated variables showed that some social network use (P<.001) and 1 hour (P=.04) and 2 to 5 hours (P=.03) of exposure to social media were associated with GAD. Conclusions Older people, especially women, were often exposed to COVID-19–related information through television and social networks; this affected their mental health, specifically GAD and stress. Thus, the impact of the infodemic should be considered during anamnesis for older people, so that they can share their feelings about it and receive appropriate psychosocial care.
Significando a arte como recurso terapêutico no cotidiano de usuários de um Centro de Atenção PsicossocialArt practice as a therapeutic resource in the daily activities of users of a Psychosocial Care Center
Educação e estado. 2. Ensino superior. 3. Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional. 4. Universidades e faculdades públicas -Organização e administração. I. Alferes, Marcia Aparecida. II. Série. CDD 379.81 Elaborado por Maurício Amormino Júnior -CRB6/2422 O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2018 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
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