Background: The fastest-growing age group in Brazil and around the world is the oldest-old group (aged 80 and over). Among

The study identified higher use of medicines by women, making them more vulnerable to the harmful effects of polytherapy, such as drug interactions and inadequate use of medicines.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos por idosos. Foi realizado um inquérito postal nacional, com 3 mil idosos, selecionados com base no cadastro do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social. Foram estimadas a prevalência e a média de medicamentos utilizados nos 15 dias anteriores à pesquisa, segundo faixas etárias. A prevalência de uso de medicamentos foi de 83%, sendo de 87,3% no grupo de 70 anos ou mais, e de 78,8% no de 60-69 anos (p < 0,05). Os idosos com 70 anos ou mais usaram em média 4,4 medicamentos, os mais jovens 3,3. Os medicamentos mais utilizados pertenciam ao sistema cardiovascular. Idade de 70 ou mais anos, sexo feminino, pior percepção de saúde, interrupção de atividades habituais, mais de 6 consultas médicas no último ano, filiação a plano de saúde e relato de 4 ou mais doenças estavam associados ao uso de medicamentos (p < 0,05) entre os participantes. Os resultados ampliam o conhecimento a respeito da utilização de medicamentos pelos idosos brasileiros, evidenciando a necessidade de aprimoramento da assistência farmacêutica voltada para esse subgrupo da população.

There was a positive association between "unhealthy" dietary patterns and cardiometabolic alterations in children and adolescents. Some unconfirmed associations may be related to the difficulty of assessing food consumption. Nevertheless, studies involving dietary patterns and their association with risk factors should be performed in children and adolescents, aiming at interventions and early changes in dietary habits considered to be inadequate.

This cross-sectional study in 2009 focused on the prevalence of underweight and overweight and associated factors in a sample of 621 elderly individuals in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Data were obtained through home interviews on nutritional status and socio-demographic and health conditions. Of the total sample, 53.3% were females. Median BMI was 26.40 kg/m² (range = 15.20-46.82) and was lower for men than for women. Prevalence of overweight was high (45%; 95%CI: 40%-49%), decreased with age, was positively associated with female gender and history of arthritis/arthrosis, and was negatively associated with age 80 years or older and smoking. Prevalence of underweight was high in men (18.2%), increased with age, and was positively associated with worse self-rated health. The findings highlight the importance of health strategies that favor lifestyle changes and healthy eating habits.

BackgroundPoor adherence to non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension represents a serious challenge for public health policies in several countries. This study was conducted to compare two intervention strategies regarding the adherence of adult women to dietary changes recommended for the treatment of hypertension in a community covered by Primary Health Care Unit.MethodsThis study is a randomized controlled trial of a sample composed of 28 women with hypertension enrolled in the Primary Health Care Unit located in the urban area of southeastern Brazil. The participants were already undergoing treatment for hypertension but devoid of nutritional care; and were divided into two groups, each composed of 14 individuals, who received interventions that consisted of two different strategies of nutritional guidance: monthly health education workshops alone (Group 1) and combined with family orientation through home visits (Group 2). Adherence to nutritional guidelines was evaluated by dietary, anthropometric, clinical and serum biochemical parameters, measured before and after the interventions. Knowledge on control and risk of hypertension was also investigated. The study lasted five months.ResultsMean age was 55.6 (± 2.8) and 50.7 (± 6.5) in the groups 1 and 2, respectively. The home orientation strategy promoted greater adherence to dietary changes, leading to a statistically significant improvement in the clinical, anthropometric, biochemical and dietary parameters. The group 2 reduced the consumption of risk foods (p = 0.01), oil (p = 0.002) and sugar (p = 0.02), and decreased body mass index (-0.7 kg/m2; p = 0.01); waist circumference (-4.2 cm; p = 0.001), systolic blood pressure (-13 mm HG; p = 0.004) and glycemia (-18.9 mg/dl; p = 0. 01). In group 1 only waist circumference (-2 cm; p = 0.01) changed significantly.ConclusionNutritional orientations at the household level were more effective with regard to the adherence of individuals to non-pharmacological treatment of hypertension, regarding the reduction of clinical and behavioral risk parameters.

Resumo Avaliou-se o uso de medicamentos potencialmente inadequados entre idosos de Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil, de acordo com os critérios de Beers 2012 e STOPP, bem como os fatores associados a esse uso. Estudo transversal com 621 idosos não institucionalizados, abordados por entrevista domiciliar. As variáveis explicativas foram sexo, idade, escolaridade, percepção da saúde, restrição de atividades nos últimos 15 dias, capacidade funcional, história de internação hospitalar, número de doenças autorreferidas e polifarmácia. Realizou-se análise de regressão de Poisson multivariada. Observou-se alta prevalência de uso de medicamentos potencialmente inadequados, 43,8% (IC95%: 37,8%-47,8%) e 44,8% (IC95%: 40,9%-48,8%), segundo os critérios de Beers 2012 e STOPP respectivamente. Sexo feminino e polifarmácia se mantiveram independentemente associados ao uso de medicamentos potencialmente inadequados, de acordo com os critérios de Beers. Para o critério STOPP, as variáveis independentemente associadas ao uso de medicamentos potencialmente inadequados foram sexo feminino, percepção de saúde regular e polifarmácia. Esforços são necessários para se qualificar a prática da polifarmácia entre idosos.

OBJECTIVE:To describe self-reported use of medicines by Brazilian elderly retirees focusing on gender differences. METHODS:Household survey conducted in a random sample comprising 667 subjects aged 60 years or more who were living in Belo Horizonte, Southeastern Brazil, in 2003. The elderly were interviewed by pharmacists, using a standardized questionnaire. The prevalence of medicine use and mean use in the 15 days previous to the interview were estimated and then stratifi ed by gender according to sociodemographic and health variables. RESULTS:The prevalence of medicine use was 90.1%, and signifi cantly higher among women (93.4%) than men (84.3%). Women and men took on average 4.6±3.2 and 3.3±2.6 products (p<0.001), respectively. The most frequently used drug category was cardiovascular, followed by nervous system and gastrointestinal tract and metabolism. Women showed higher use in all these drug categories, as well as higher mean number of drugs consumed, according to selected sociodemographic and health variables. CONCLUSIONS:The study identifi ed higher use of medicines by women, making them more vulnerable to the harmful effects of polytherapy, such as drug interactions and inadequate use of medicines.