Objective: To investigate cut-off values for HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR to identify insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS), and to assess the association of the indexes with components of the MS. Methods: Nondiabetic subjects from the Brazilian Metabolic Syndrome Study were studied (n = 1,203, 18 to 78 years). The cut-off values for IR were determined from the 90 th percentile in the healthy group (n = 297) and, for MS, a ROC curve was generated for the total sample. Results: In the healthy group, HOMA-IR indexes were associated with central obesity, triglycerides and total cholesterol (p < 0.001).
Objective: To evaluate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and the anthropometric values -body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Methods:It was studied 231 employees of Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil, 54,1% of them were men (21-76 years old) were measured. Glycemia, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides, blood pressure, BMI, WC, waist-to-hip ratio and body fatness. It was also investigated smoking, alcohol consumption and physical activity. Results:The prevalence of overweight/obesity in this population was high mainly in women. The abdominal obesity was observed in 74% of the women and 46,1% of the men. The average of BMI, body fatness, total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides were significantly higher in men than in women. (p < 0,05). The sedentary lifestyle was a risk factor for obesity. Smoking and alcohol consumption were more common among men and normal weight volunteers. Most of the correlations between anthropometric indices and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases were significant, but weak and the WC was the index that had the strongest correlation and that associated with the largest number of variables. It was observed that with an increase of the BMI and the abdominal fat, there was also an increase of the glycemia, triglycerides and blood pressure and a decrease of HDL. The metabolic syndrome was more common among men and overweight and obese volunteers. Conclusion:In this study, the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors increased along with BMI and WC. Demographic transition, mainly characterized by a decrease in fecundity and reduction in infant and preschooler mortality, has resulted in an increasingly higher life expectancy in the Brazilian population 1
Background: The fastest-growing age group in Brazil and around the world is the oldest-old group (aged 80 and over). Among
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e a prevalência de anemia durante a gestação e correlacioná-los com o peso do recém-nascido. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado estudo transversal com gestantes que realizaram o pré-natal no único serviço público de saúde do município de Viçosa, MG, no período de dezembro de 2002 a maio de 2003. Foi aplicado questionário com informações maternas e realizada dosagem de hemoglobina através do Hemocue, além da obtenção de dados de peso e estatura da gestante. As informações referentes aos recém-nascidos foram obtidas no programa Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos/MS. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliadas 168 gestantes de baixo nível socioeconômico e baixa escolaridade. Encontraram-se 41,3% de gestantes com estado nutricional pré-gestacional inadequado, sendo 25,7% com baixo peso e 17,4% com sobrepeso ou obesidade. A maioria das gestantes apresentou ganho de peso inadequado durante a gestação. A prevalência total de anemia ferropriva foi de 21,4%, sendo que essa aumentou com a idade gestacional. A freqüência de baixo peso e peso insuficiente ao nascer foi de 8,9% e 28,6%, respectivamente. As variáveis antropométricas (peso pré-gestacional, estatura, índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional e ganho de peso total) apresentaram associação estatisticamente significante com o peso ao nascer. CONCLUSÃO: As variáveis antropométricas maternas apresentaram correlação com o peso ao nascer. Neste estudo não houve relação entre o estado nutricional de ferro das gestantes e o peso de nascimento.
RESUMOA disfunção das células-e a resistência insulínica são anormalidades metabólicas inter-relacionadas na etiologia do diabetes tipo 2. Em diversos países, tem sido observado o aumento da prevalência de obesidade e diabetes em associação com a presença da resistência insulínica. Nesse contexto, é útil a mensuração da resistência insulínica e da capacidade funcional das células-nos indivíduos. Os índices Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) têm sido amplamente utilizados, representando uma das alternativas para avaliação desses parâmetros, principalmente por figurarem um método rápido, de fácil aplicação e de menor custo. Esta revisão discute sobre a origem e a evolução dos índices HOMA, bem como as particularidades do método, abordando aspectos relacionados à sua validação e aos pontos de corte existentes para sua interpretação. Beta-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance are interrelated metabolic abnormalities in the aetiology of Type 2 Diabetes. In several countries, increases in the prevalence of obesity and diabetes have been observed in association with the presence of insulin resistance. In this context, measurement of insulin resistance and beta-cell function is useful. The HOMA indexes (Homeostasis Model Assessment) have been widely used, representing an alternative for the evaluation of these parameters, particularly as a fast, easy and cheap method. This review discusses the origin and evolution of the HOMA index, as well as details of the method, analyzing features related to its validation and the cutoff limits for its interpretation. INTRODUÇÃOA MANUTENÇÃO DA GLICEMIA NORMAL DEPENDE principalmente da capacidade funcional das células-pancreáticas (BcC) em secretar insulina e da sensibilidade tecidual à ação da insulina (SI) (1). A disfunção das células-e a resistência insulínica (RI) são anormalidades metabólicas inter-relacionadas na etiologia do diabetes melito do tipo 2 (DM2) (1,2). A RI caracteriza-se por falhas das células-alvo em responder aos níveis normais de insulina circulantes, revisão ANA CAROLINA J. VASQUES
A sedentary life style is a factor of risk for the development of overweight and childhood obesity, conditions associated with dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and insulin resistance, among other disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and the association with the profile of physical activity in Municipal Schools in Corumbá -MS. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 403 pupils, aged 7-10 years, in which children with Body Mass Index (BMI) values > 85 th and < 95 th and > 95 th percentile were classified in risk of overweight and overweight, respectively. The index of physical activity was determined by a specific questionnaire for the study, to obtain data about duration (minutes), intensity (metabolic equivalent) and energy expenditure (kcalories) of both active and sedentary physical activities. A prevalence of 6.2% e 6.5% to risk of overweight and overweight, respectively, was verified, with higher prevalence in girls than in boys. Most physical activities performed by children were light (< 3 METs) and moderated (3 a 6 METs); no vigorous (> 6 METs) physical activity was recorded. The older the children, the lesser the time spent in active physical activities. Normal-weight children are more active, practice more intense physical activities and spend less time watching television and playing video-games than overweight children. The data emphasize the importance of promoting changes in the life-style through the introduction of healthy habits, since infancy, and their maintenance for the whole life. Active children favor an active healthy adult population too, which can contribute, consequently, for a reduction in the incidence of morbidity and mortality at adulthood.
RESUMOIntrodução: O índice de massa corporal (IMC) é amplamente utilizado por profissionais de saúde na avaliação do estado nutricional e do risco de mortalidade. No entanto, esse índice não fornece informações sobre a distribuição e a proporção da gordura corporal. Objetivo: Verificar a eficiência do IMC em identificar indivíduos com excesso de gordura corporal e com obesidade abdominal. Métodos: A amostra constituiu-se de 98 homens com idade entre 20 e 58 anos. A avaliação antropométrica incluiu peso, altura, circunferên-cia da cintura (CC) e do quadril. A composição corporal foi avaliada por bioimpedância elétrica tetrapolar. Resultados: A amostra foi predominantemente jovem, 50% dos indivíduos com idade entre 20 e 29 anos. O sobrepeso (IMC ≥ 25kg/m 2 ) e a obesidade abdominal (CC ≥ 94cm) foram constatados em 36,7% e 18,4% dos homens avaliados, respectivamente. A circunferência da cintura foi a medida antropométrica que mais se correlacionou com o IMC (r = 0,884; p < 0,01) e com o percentual de gordura corporal (r = 0,779; p < 0,01). A sensibilidade do IMC, para diagnosticar indivíduos com circunferência da cintura, relação cinturaquadril (RCQ) e percentual de gordura corporal elevados, foi de 94,4%, 100% e 86,6%, respectivamente; isso demonstra a sua adequação para estudos populacionais com o objetivo de identificar indivíduos com obesidade abdominal e/ou excesso de gordura corporal. Entretanto, na avaliação individual, o IMC não foi adequado para esse mesmo diagnóstico devido aos baixos valores preditivos positivos encontrados: 47,2% para CC, 11,1% para RCQ e 36,1% para percentual de gordura corporal. A idade ≥ 30 anos foi fator de risco para sobrepeso, obesidade abdominal e excesso de gordura corporal. Conclusões: Ressalta-se a importância da combinação do IMC e circunferência da cintura na avaliação do estado nutricional de homens adultos, já que a obesidade abdominal foi constatada também naqueles indivíduos que não foram diagnosticados como obesos pelo IMC.Palavras-chave: antropometria, composição corporal, valor preditivo, homens. ABSTRACTIIntroduction: The body mass index (BMI) is widely used by health professionals in the nutritional status and risk of mortality assessment. However, this index does not provide information about the distribution and proportion of body fat. Objective: To assess BMI efficiency in identifying individuals with surplus body fat and abdominal obesity. Methods: The sample consisted of 98 males between 20 and 58 years of age. The anthropometrical evaluation included weight, height, waist (WC) and hip circumferences. Body composition was evaluated by tetrapolar electric bioimpedance. Results: The sample was predominantly young, having 50% of its individuals aged between 20 and 29 years. Overweight (BMI ≥ 25kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (CC ≥ 94 cm) were found in 36.7% and 18.4% of the evaluated males, respectively. Waist circumference showed the strongest correlation with BMI (r=0.884; p<0.01) and with body fat percentage (r=0.779; p<0.01). BMI sensitivity to diagnose individua...
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