Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic devastating dysfunction of neurons in the brain leading to dementia. It mainly arises due to neuronal injury in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus area of the brain and is clinically manifested as a progressive mental failure, disordered cognitive functions, personality changes, reduced verbal fluency and impairment of speech. The pathology behind AD is the formation of intraneuronal fibrillary tangles, deposition of amyloid plaque and decline in choline acetyltransferase and loss of cholinergic neurons. Tragically, the disease cannot be cured but its progression can be halted. Various cholinesterase inhibitors available in the market like Tacrine, Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, etc are being used to manage the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. Objective: The paper’s objective is to throw light not only on the cellular/genetic basis of the disease, but also on the current trends and various strategies of treatment including the use of phytopharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Materials & Methods: Enormous literature survey was conducted and published articles of PUBMED, Scifinder, Google Scholar, Clinical Trials.org and Alzheimer Association reports were studied intensively to consolidate the information on the strategies available to combat Alzheimer’s disease. Results & Conclusion: Currently, several strategies are being investigated for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Immunotherapies targeting amyloid-beta plaques, tau protein and neural pathways are undergoing clinical trials. Moreover, antisense oligonucleotide methodologies are being approached as therapies for its management. Phytopharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals are also gaining attention in overcoming the symptoms related to AD. The present review article concludes that novel and traditional therapies simultaneously promise future hope for AD treatment.

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N‐Hydroxypthalimide (NHPI) has become a powerful and versatile organocatalyst, it has been known to catalyze various free‐radical processes leading to the wide range of organic transformations. Primarily, phthalimido‐N‐oxyl (PINO) radical formed from NHPI is highly efficient abstraction species for carrying out radical chain reactions. In this review, we have discussed about the most important and successful reactions from last six years, with their plausible reaction mechanisms. This review broadly covers the type of bond formation such as carbon‐carbon, carbon‐oxygen and carbon‐nitrogen bond formations. We have also highlighted various types of reaction strategies where in combination with divergent reagent systems it helps to construct different types of molecules which further find applications in the synthesis of complex set of biologically active molecule. NHPI catalyzed oxidation reactions of different class of organic compounds are also reviewed.

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Micro, small and medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a significant role in social and economic development of a country. MSMEs constitute an important segment of the Indian economy in terms of their contribution to the country's industrial production, exports, employment and entrepreneurial base. However, one of the greatest obstacles to the growth and development of MSMEs in industrialised and emerging economies is the access to formal finance. The Government of India has taken several measures to ensure continuous growth of MSMEs, but lack of finance has caused a lot of sickness in the sector. Therefore, an attempt has been made to study the relationship between Credit Flow by Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) and Growth of MSME sector in India using Regression Analysis. The study proceeds with the comparative analysis of the Credit Flow to MSMEs by Domestic SCBs in two states of India, that is, Punjab and Haryana.

To develop effective and safe drugs and to take them to market in short period of time is the mission of pharmaceutical research companies. A selection of few of the lead compounds are done for the evaluation of safety and their ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicology) properties are tested in in-vitro (test systems), in-vivo (living organisms) and in-silico (computational methods). From initial stages to final stages of modern drug discovery process, the vital tool for detecting & characterizing metabolites is MS (Mass spectrometry) hyphenated with other techniques. The methods used for generation of metabolites are in-vitro techniques and cell lines (containing expressing drug metabolizing enzymes and heterologous genes). The use of HPLC-MS/UPLC-MS and high resolution MS, enables the in depth metabolite detection and profiling studies and it may also be likely to identify and characterize the site and types of biotransformation.