Indonesia has more than three hundred tribes distributed in various islands. Since each tribe is divided into several traditions, this means Indonesia has hundreds of traditional architecture. One of the traditional architecture which has a unique design and a representation of Austronesian style is a traditional house Tongkonan. Tongkonan, built by the ancestors of the Toraja people, is based on their belief which called Aluk Todolo. This belief arranges the orientation of Tongkonan, sun has a great influence in the arrangement of exterior and interior space in Tongkonan.The aim of this study is to find the relationship between the spatial patterns generated through Aluk Todolo belief and the quantity/quality of daylighting obtained based on light measurements and the review of the various theories on daylighting. The method used in this research is quantitative by measuring the quantity of daylight. This is supplemented by a review of theories about Aluk Todolo belief and architecture of Tongkonan within the framework of the theories of daylighting.The results of the research show that although designed by ancestral belief, the architectural design of Tongkonan has already met the rules of daylighting design. The quantity of daylight inside Tongkonan has accommodated the needs of functions and activities. Design of Tongkonan's roof has an important role in optimizing daylight and reducing solar heat and ultraviolet. In conclusion, traditional architecture designed based on Aluk Todolo belief has provided good quality and quantity daylight and can support the functions and activities of the building.
Vernacular architecture is a modest style of building used to maintain the balance of human relations with nature. This architectural style is specific to a region and passed down from one generation to another to embody cultural values. However, its development is currently facing globalization and modernization challenges, thereby leading to a gradual shift of this ancestral heritage to modern buildings. Change is unavoidable due to continuous evolution, however, the meaning inherent architecture buildings need to be maintained because it contains the cultural and social values of the associated local community. Furthermore, vernacular building space is a place for social activities and contains historical meaning applicable to modern buildings. Its functionality responds to changes and the needs of times while maintaining the local essence. Therefore, this research aims to determine the suitable method needed to reveal the meaning of vernacular architectural space. Data were collected from the conscious mind of space users through in-depth interviews by applying epoche, which were further reduced, categorized, and integrated to determine its meaning. The data collected through a literature review were analyzed using the content analysis method. The results showed that transcendental phenomenology is the right method to determine the meaning of vernacular architectural space. Based on the results, it is concluded that the meaning passed down from one generation to another could be expressed through the conscious experience of space users. Furthermore, transcendental phenomenology helped reveal the meaning without the intervention of the author’s knowledge, therefore it is unbiased and applicable in modern buildings.
Space and architecture are two interrelated and encompassing concepts. However, space has a broad meaning in terms of location, privacy, and function such that the relationship between two spaces creates a different atmosphere and impression. A lot of studies have been conducted on space but there is no much focus on the concept of 'in-between space'. This research was, therefore, aimed at exploring in-between space in order to create a clear understanding and identify its concept in Batak Toba vernacular architecture. A content analysis method was adopted and this involves analyzing texts and images related to in-between space and Batak Toba architecture. The results showed the concept as an overlap created by two spaces in order to feel the atmosphere of both simultaneously. It was also discovered not to be a definitive space but found in the Batak Toba architecture to create a relationship between privacy, function, and environment. This means it is a key feature of the architecture and also expected to be a fundamental element in the modern Toba Batak architecture. These results are expected to serve as the basis for further in-depth research and to be applied in other ethnic architectures.
The growth rate of people very rapidly with urbanization and density urban environments, had affected the availability of children's playground in informal settlements, especially in big cities. These conditions have adverse effects for the development of children who live in urban environments. Children as mandated by law, have the right to get a chance to play, on the other hand, play a part of the development of the child as well as a medium of learning. Base on this background, this paper aims to examine the influences of density informal settlements in urban environment for the availability of children's playground, especially friendly playground. This paper used qualitative research methods to conduct a literature study and observation to some locations where children play. The results showed that the density of settlement and urban growth over time reduces children's playground, and this will have an impact on the growth and development of children. From the discussion, it can be concluded that, an open space or a children-friendly playground in an informal settlement is needed in order to support the growth and development of children, because play is a very important activity in the process of their physical growth and social development.
<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Traditional architecture was built on a tradition inherited from one generation to the next. As a country which has hundreds of tribes, Indonesia has hundreds of traditional architecture designed by the ancestors to fulfill the function as well as responding to natural context. The aim of this research is to find out how the structural and building system traditional architecture in this country respond its natural conditions as the context. The method used is qualitative descriptive with the analysis of some traditional architecture which have been visited and conducted a theory review. The results showed that the traditional architecture in Indonesia had been designed to respond to nature as context. From the discussion, it can be concluded that traditional architecture in each region has an approach in aligning themselves with nature as context. </span></p><p><span>Keywords: </span><span>Local wisdom, traditional architecture, earthquake, climate, context. </span></p></div></div></div>
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