Aims/Introduction: To compare safety and efficacy of the extended-release formulation exenatide once weekly (EQW) vs exenatide twice daily (EBID) for 26 weeks in type 2 diabetes patients from China, India, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. Materials and Methods: A randomized, comparator-controlled, open-label study included 681 patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled (hemoglobin A1c [HbA 1c ] ! 7 and 11%) with oral antihyperglycemic medications (OAMs). Patients added 2 mg EQW or 10 lg EBID to current OAMs. Safety was re-evaluated 10 weeks after last treatment. Results: EQW was superior to EBID on HbA 1c measures at week 26 (Least-squares mean treatment difference: À0.31% [95% confidence interval À0.49, À0.14%]). More EQW-treated patients achieved target HbA 1c 7.0% (P = 0.003), 6.5% (P < 0.001), or 6.0% (P = 0.003). Fasting serum glucose reductions were greater among EQW-treated patients (P < 0.001). Blood glucose profiles improved in both treatment groups (P < 0.001). Weight loss occurred with both treatments, but was greater with EBID. Adverse events ( ! 10%, either group) were nausea, injection-site induration, dyslipidemia and vomiting. Injection-site induration was more frequent with EQW, whereas nausea, vomiting and hypoglycemia were less frequent. One episode each of major hypoglycemia (EBID) and pancreatitis (EQW) were reported. Conclusion: In this population, EQW and EBID showed efficacious glucose and weight control; safety and tolerability were consistent with observations in non-Asian patients. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT00917267). (J Diabetes Invest,

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Topical and subconjunctival corticosteroids are some of the most effective and compelling treatment options in ocular inflammatory diseases. A systematic review of literature indexed by Ovid MEDLINE & EMBASE was performed up to December 2008. There are few studies on their aqueous penetration in human subjects. This review article discusses the penetration of different ocular corticosteroids into human aqueous humour along with the therapeutic implications on management of ocular surface diseases, immune-related corneal diseases, anterior uveitis and postoperative anti-inflammatory use. In the context of the paucity of well-constructed, prospective clinical trials comparing the efficacy of different corticosteroids, it provides guiding principles for the use of topical corticosteroids. Dexamethasone alcohol 0.1% and prednisolone acetate 1% are potent corticosteroids, but the latter achieves the highest aqueous concentration within 2 h and maintains higher levels for 24 h. Subconjunctival corticosteroids provide very high concentrations in the aqueous which maintain higher concentrations for longer periods

This study showed the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin 50 mg administered once daily as a monotherapy for type 2 diabetes patients.

The novel coronavirus outbreak was first reported in late December 2019 and more than 7 million people were infected with this disease and over 0.40 million worldwide lost their lives. The first case was diagnosed on 30 January 2020 in India and the figure crossed 0.24 million as of 6 June 2020. This paper presents a detailed study of recently developed forecasting models and predicts the number of confirmed, recovered, and death cases in India caused by COVID-19. The correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression applied for prediction and autocorrelation and autoregression have been used to improve the accuracy. The predicted number of cases shows a good agreement with 0.9992 R-squared score to the actual values. The finding suggests that lockdown and social distancing are two important factors that can help to suppress the increasing spread rate of COVID-19.

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