Consistent with previous series, the overall early success rate of RRD repair was 80% after one operation. The type of surgical repair did not influence overall success rates. Significant predictors of failure are the presence of preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy of any grade and the extent of detachment. The analytical value of current classification systems in predicting failure is most useful in complex RRDs.

Our study suggests that the majority of patients with macula-off RRD successfully repaired with one operation will achieve a VA of 6/18 or better at final follow-up. After 8 days of macular detachment, the final visual outcome may be adversely affected and, thus, operative repair within this period is desirable. Duration of macular detachment of ≤8 days demonstrated a continuing improvement in VA for up to 1 year, a finding which was not found in macula detachments of longer duration.

The prevalence of tamsulosin intake was lower in this study's English population than that reported in the U.S. literature. The duration of tamsulosin intake did not appear to correlate with the severity of IFIS, and the overall complication rate was low.

Topical and subconjunctival corticosteroids are some of the most effective and compelling treatment options in ocular inflammatory diseases. A systematic review of literature indexed by Ovid MEDLINE & EMBASE was performed up to December 2008. There are few studies on their aqueous penetration in human subjects. This review article discusses the penetration of different ocular corticosteroids into human aqueous humour along with the therapeutic implications on management of ocular surface diseases, immune-related corneal diseases, anterior uveitis and postoperative anti-inflammatory use. In the context of the paucity of well-constructed, prospective clinical trials comparing the efficacy of different corticosteroids, it provides guiding principles for the use of topical corticosteroids. Dexamethasone alcohol 0.1% and prednisolone acetate 1% are potent corticosteroids, but the latter achieves the highest aqueous concentration within 2 h and maintains higher levels for 24 h. Subconjunctival corticosteroids provide very high concentrations in the aqueous which maintain higher concentrations for longer periods

Background To gather information on the effect of postoperative face-down posturing following combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy for macular hole surgery in order to assist in the design of a larger definitive study. Methods Thirty phakic patients with stage II-IV full-thickness macular hole had combined phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peel and 14% perfluoropropane (C 3 F 8 ) gas. At the conclusion of surgery, patients were randomised either to face-down posture or to no posture, for 10 days. The primary outcome was macular hole closure. Results The macular hole was successfully closed in 93.8% of the face-down posture group and in all of the no-posture group. Mean visual improvement was 0.63 (SD ¼ 0.21) logMAR units in the face-down group and 0.53 (SD ¼ 0.22) in the no posture patients. Conclusion Following combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy, postoperative face-down posturing appears to make little difference to the final anatomical or visual outcome. If we assume a success rate of 95% in the posturing arm, and that there is no difference between posturing and non-posturing, then 798 patients would be required to be 90% sure that the 95% confidence interval will exclude a difference of more than 5%.