Given that the adrenals are a vascular gland and taking into consideration the possibilities of bleeding and complications in the cyst, our treatment of choice is the elective excision of adrenal cysts.

WLE seems to be the initial procedure of choice for all PTs, and mastectomy for recurrent tumours. Further studies are needed to define the role of adjuvant therapies.

No abstract

Advance stage at presentation and proportionately high rates of FTC and PDTC contribute to poor outcome of DTC in developing countries. Despite dismal outcome, total thyroidectomy seems to prevent thyroid bed recurrence in surviving patients.

All women with BBD should be screened for hypothyroidism because the prevalence of hypothyroidism is high among this group and correction of hypothyroidism results in significant clinical improvement of BBD in most of these patients.

No abstract

Endoscopic thyroidectomy is fast becoming a reality with increasing experience in endocrine surgery. Many techniques of minimally invasive video-assisted thyroidectomy through cervical and extra-cervical routes such as chest wall, transaxillary, trans-oral, post-auricular, transluminal approach have been attempted. At present anterior chest wall or trans-axillary routes are favourite extracervical routes. In this context, we describe our operative technique of endoscopic thyroidectomy through chest wall to highlight the surgical steps of practical importance.

We report a case of benign multinodular goiter with right sided posterior mediastinal extension managed by a simplified anaesthetic and surgical protocol. Single lumen endotracheal tube was used for intubation. Access to mediastinum was obtained by 2 working ports in 2nd and 4th intercostal spaces. Mediastinal extension is dissected thoracoscopically and delivered cervically. Post operative course was uneventful with no pulmonary and surgical morbidity.