Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in Benign Breast Disorders and Effect of Thyroxine Replacement on the Clinical Outcome

Abstract

All women with BBD should be screened for hypothyroidism because the prevalence of hypothyroidism is high among this group and correction of hypothyroidism results in significant clinical improvement of BBD in most of these patients.

The prevalence of benign breast diseases in patients with nodular goiter and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

“…Considering some literature data, one might expect from this study significantly higher rates of breast lesions in HT group than in the other two [2,3,9,10,12]. On one hand, our findings confirm the reports of frequent co-occurrence of breast and thyroid pathologies from a different perspective.…”

“…All of the hypothyroid cases were in HT group, and neither their comparison with their euthyroid counterparts nor the comparison with other euthyroid cases including the other groups revealed any preponderance of hypothyroidism on the occurrence rate of breast lesions. Thus, our study contrasts with some reports expressing the more frequent co-occurrence of breast lesions and hypothyroidism [2,11,12]. Similarly, in accordance with our study design, all of the cases in HT group were anti-TPO positive and all in NTD group were anti-TPO negative.…”

“…Fifty-three percentage of women with hypothyroidism were reported to have higher anti-TPO antibody titers. The symptoms, especially nipple discharge and mastalgia, significantly decreased in hypothyroid patients after treatment with levothyroxine compared to euthyroid cases [12]. Giustarini et al compared patients with histologically proven breast cancer, benign breast conditions, and controls pre-surgically.…”

“…In two recent comprehensive studies, the frequency of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity was examined in benign BD [3,12]. Bhargav et al reported in their prospective study that 23 % of 201 patients with symptomatic benign breast conditions (mastalgia, nipple discharge, or lumpiness) had hypothyroidism.…”

The premenstrual syndrome, premenstrual mastodynia, fibrocystic mastopathy and infertility have often common roots: effects of extracts of chasteberry (Vitex agnus castus) as a solution

“…Fibrocystic mastopathy is the most common mammary pathology and affects 60-80% of women in the reproductive age [32][33][34]. Many women are frightened that the development of fibrous nodes and/or cysts indicates malignity and there is evidence that the incidence of mammary cancers is indeed higher in women with fibrocystic mastopathy [35].…”