Adaptive and intelligent educational systems Distance learning Artificial intelligence applied to intelligent tutoring systems a b s t r a c tIn an adaptive and intelligent educational system (AIES), the process of learning pedagogical policies according the students needs fits as a Reinforcement Learning (RL) problem. Previous works have dem onstrated that a great amount of experience is needed in order for the system to learn to teach properly, so applying RL to the AIES from scratch is unfeasible. Other works have previously demonstrated in a the oretical way that seeding the AIES with an initial value function learned with simulated students reduce the experience required to learn an accurate pedagogical policy. In this paper we present empirical results demonstrating that a value function learned with simulated students can provide the AIES with a very accurate initial pedagogical policy. The evaluation is based on the interaction of more than 70 Computer Science undergraduate students, and demonstrates that an efficient and useful guide through the contents of the educational system is obtained.

The healthcare environment aims at improving and quality in health management, with trends and practices in hospitals, institutions, clinics, laboratories and companies in this segment, with the purpose of bringing more comfort and better conditions in the care of patients. Faced with the difficulties of this area, it becomes increasingly important to reduce waste and improve processes. The goal of this paper is to carry out a systematic review of literature on the topic lean manufacturing in healthcare. The data were obtained from four online databases Web of Science, Science Direct, Emerald Insight and Scopus. Articles indexed in the last 10 years were selected (2006-2016). To select articles, an advanced search was performed using the Boolean expression "E" that combined keywords for better specific results. Professionals working in the health segment will have the concepts and applied techniques, in addition to the work indexed in recent years, which will facilitate the research and development of the work, translating into increased efficiency and ultimately, improvement for the population. Despite the importance of the theme, there are few lean manufacturing jobs applied in the healthcare environment. This research  can  stimulate future studies due to its applicability for the improvement of health services.

This article shows a proposal to improve patient´s care time through the application of Lean Manufacturing methodology in an Adult Emergency Department of a Hospital in La Sabana de Bogotá, Colombia. The main problems observed are related to the excessive time that patients must wait for treatment compared to the standards established by the District Health Department. Firstly, the current state of the processes is registered and analyzed. After that the main factors that cause delays are identified and finally a methodology is proposed to improve the present situation. The results shown that the processes to improve are: inclusion in Triage (urgency classification system) and consultation, the process according to consultation and the patient exit order. The applicability of the proposal was evaluated through simulations using the Software Arena. The simulations show important improvements in patient`s waiting time and in consultation time.

This paper aims to demonstrate how simple initiatives on public health sector are able to improve quality on service level. One of the most important aspects considered on this case study was the potential and motivation within University Hospital IT team to achieve excellence. Thus, management improvement started from quality management techniques applied by IT members to enhance results. This qualitative study case based on quality program deployed comparative analysis from literature to hospital IT management real initiatives. Results contribution demonstrate that inclusion and the development of collaborative workgroups can make difference to work environment and quality of service.

El desarrollo de sistemas genéricos para tratamiento automático del lenguaje está limitado por la imposibilidad de tener disponible todo el conocimiento requerido para cualquier dominio de aplicación. Por ello, la solución propuesta en este trabajo se basa en el desarrollo de un sistema modular y multiforme que permita la incorporación de los distintos tipos de conocimiento lingüístico y extralingüístico. Con este fin, se ha elaborado una propuesta general de estructuración del conocimiento para la interpretación de textos, que proporciona un mecanismo de control flexible de los distintos procesos lingüísticos identificados y cuya funcionalidad se lleva a cabo empleando distintos tipos de tecnología de procesamiento del lenguaje natural (PLN). Para mostrar la potencialidad de la arquitectura definida se ha utilizado el dominio de aplicación del modelado conceptual de bases de datos (BD) a partir de textos.

The construction industry generates 30% of the total solid waste in Chile, causing a high impact on the environment, due to the multiple inefficiencies generated in different stages of the development cycle of the projects, involving design, quality and characteristics of the materials in the construction of the referred project. The study covers only solid waste generated in the construction of high buildings, focusing on the area known as Industrial Ecology (IE). The IE aims to achieve that industrial systems have a behavior similar to that of natural ecosystems, allowing the linear model of production systems to become a cyclical model, promoting the interactions between economy, environment and society, developing the efficiency of industrial processes. The two main tools of IE were used: The Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). MFA was used to obtained indicators from the main products or raw materials that are used and that are transformed into a waste in high buildings construction processes, such as: concrete, wood, iron, sheetrock, tiles and ceramics. The LCA served to identify, quantify and characterize the different potential environmental impacts in the area, such as: climate change, depletion of natural resources and occupation of soils, associated with each of the stages of existence of a product. After these two analyses, it was possible to identify the stage of the process in which the main losses of materials occur in the construction of a high building. In addition, it was possible to identify alternative scenarios of solid waste management among different companies that want to transform this waste into raw materials or by-products, saving production costs, reducing environmental impact and creating different types of industrial symbiosis.

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Exceto onde especificado diferentemente, a matéria publicada neste periódico é licenciada sob forma de uma licença Creative Commons -Atribuição 4. RESUMEN: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar la utilidad que la metodología de movimientos oculares tiene para el estudio del TDAH y, más concretamente, para analizar las dificultades de lectura que muestran los niños con TDAH. Para ello, realizamos una breve exposición de los principales problemas de lectura detectados en esta población. Continuaremos con una exposición de los principales trabajos realizados hasta el momento, centrados en analizar los movimientos oculares en la realización de diversas tareas cognitivas en sujetos con TDAH para pasar, seguidamente, al ámbito de la lectura. Finalizamos el artículo con una breve discusión sobre algunas de las implicaciones clínicas, psicológicas y educativas que conlleva el uso de esta metodología para el estudio de la lectura en esta población. Palabras clave: TDAH; Comprensión lectora; Movimientos oculares RESUMO:Este trabalho objetiva mostrar a utilidade que a metodologia de movimentos oculares possui para o estudo do TDAH, mais especificamente, para analisar as dificuldades de leitura em crianças com TDAH. Para tanto, realizamos uma breve exposição dos principais problemas de leitura percebidos nessa população. Fazemos, ademais, uma apresentação das principais pesquisas realizadas até o momento, centradas em analisar os movimentos oculares na realização de diversas tarefas cognitivas em sujeitos com TDAH para, em seguida, passar ao âmbito da leitura. Na sequência, finalizamos o artigo com uma breve discussão sobre algumas das implicações clínicas, psicológicas e educativas advindas dessa metodologia no que tange ao estudo da leitura em crianças com TDAH.Palavras-chave: TDAH; compreensão leitora; movimentos oculares. ABSTRACT:This work aims to show the usefulness of the methodology of eye tracking for the study of ADHD and, more specifically, to analyze the reading difficulties of children with ADHD. We present a brief summary of the main reading problems detected in this population. We will continue with a discussion about research on analyzing the eye movements in performing various cognitive tasks in subjects with ADHD, focusing on the area of reading. We end the article with a brief discussion of some of the clinical, psychological and educational implications of the use of this methodology for the study of reading in this population.