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Background and Aims: The metabolic profile and morphologic aspects of normal and pathologic human gastric mucosa were studied. The aim of the present research was the application of ex vivo high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR-MAS MRS) to the human gastric tissue to get information on the molecular steps involved in gastric carcinogenesis and the identification of biochemical markers useful for the development of in vivo MRS methodologies to diagnose gastric pathologies in clinical situations. Methods: Twelve normal subjects, five with autoimmune atrophic gastritis, five with Helicobacter pylori infection, and five with adenocarcinoma were examined. Ten biopsies were taken during endoscopy from each patient. Specimens from carcinoma were also obtained during gastrectomy. Of the 10 biopsies, 4 were used for histologic evaluation, 4 were fixed in glutaraldehyde and processed for transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and 2 were immersed in liquid

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High-resolution multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) (1H, 13C, and 31P) has been applied for the first time to the study of the biochemical composition of human healthy and neoplastic renal tissues. Thirteen healthy renal tissues, thirteen renal cell carcinomas, and five oncocytomas were examined. From each sample two types of extract were obtained: the water-soluble fraction and the lipid fraction. 1H MRS of aqueous extracts yielded information on renal osmolytes which can be considered markers of physiological renal function. The decrease or the disappearance of these osmolytes and the appearance of glycine in renal cell carcinomas is a hallmark of cancer. The oncocytomas, benign tumors, appear to have a biochemical composition in between healthy and malignant tissue. Further information can be derived from the 13C MR analysis of the lipid fraction: cholesteryl esters, present in high amounts in renal cell carcinomas, are related to the vascularization degree of the tumor. Other correlations between the spectroscopic results and the histopathological data are reported.

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